The Chinese government has introduced export controls and bans on government purchasing from several U.S. companies. This action follows a decision by the U.S. Department of Defense to expand a blacklist targeting Chinese organizations.

中國政府對數家美國公司實施了出口管制與政府採購禁令。此舉是在美國國防部決定擴大針對中國組織的黑名單之後採取的。

The conflict began when the U.S. Department of Defense updated its 1260H list, naming about 80 Chinese companies—including Alibaba, Baidu, and BYD—as contributors to military-civil fusion. Consequently, these firms are now blocked from getting direct U.S. military contracts. In response, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce has restricted the export of 'dual-use' materials to 10 U.S. firms, such as MP Materials and various drone manufacturers. These companies are now prohibited from receiving goods from China, although the government may grant approvals if the exports are deemed 'genuinely necessary.'

衝突始於美國國防部更新其 1260H 名單，將約 80 家中國公司（包括阿里巴巴、百度與比亞迪）列為軍民融合的貢獻者。因此，這些公司目前被禁止直接獲得美國軍方合約。作為回應，中國商務部限制了向 10 家美國公司（如 MP Materials 及各類無人機製造商）出口「雙用途」材料。這些公司目前被禁止從中國接收貨品，儘管政府在認為出口「確實必要」時可能會予以批准。

Furthermore, the Chinese Ministry of Finance has banned government procurement from 46 U.S. companies, including parts of Lockheed Martin and Boeing. However, U.S. companies registered locally within China are not affected by this ban. The Chinese administration emphasized that these measures are necessary to protect national security and to respond to the 'wrongful expansion' of U.S. military lists.

此外，中國財政部禁止政府向 46 家美國公司採購，包括洛克希德馬丁與波音的部分部門。然而，在中國境內本地註冊的美國公司不受此禁令影響。中國政府強調，這些措施對於保護國家安全以及回應美國軍方名單的「錯誤擴張」是必要的。

Experts suggest that these actions might be mostly symbolic because the targeted U.S. firms do not have a large presence in the Chinese market. Nevertheless, the timing is important as it follows a summit between President Donald Trump and President Xi Jinping. While both leaders publicly agreed to improve economic cooperation, these ongoing restrictions indicate that the strategic rivalry is still active and may spread to other industrial sectors.

專家認為，這些行動可能大多具有象徵意義，因為被針對的美國公司在中國市場的佔比並不高。儘管如此，時間點至關重要，因為這發生在總統川普與習近平主席的峰會之後。雖然兩位領導人公開同意改善經濟合作，但這些持續的限制表明戰略競爭依然激烈，並可能擴展至其他工業部門。

Relations between the two countries remain tense as both nations continue to use trade restrictions to deal with perceived national security threats.

兩國關係依然緊張，因為兩國繼續使用貿易限制來處理其認知的國家安全威脅。