An analysis of data from the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) shows that most of India's major states have seen a general decrease in their tax-to-GSDP ratios over the last ten years.

根據印度審計長 (CAG) 的數據分析顯示，在過去十年中，印度大部分主要州的稅收佔州內生產總值 (GSDP) 比例普遍下降。

The financial situation in Indian states is unbalanced because their spending responsibilities are higher than their power to raise money. Data from 2015-16 to 2024-25 shows that 12 out of 18 major states saw a drop in their State Own Tax Revenue (SOTR) compared to their Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP). While the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) has limited the financial independence of states, the data emphasizes that GST is not the only cause of this decline, as it only makes up 43.4% of SOTR as of 2024-25.

印度各州的財政狀況不平衡，因為其支出責任高於籌款權限。2015-16年至2024-25年的數據顯示，18個主要州中有12個州的州自有稅收 (SOTR) 相對於州內生產總值 (GSDP) 下降。雖然引入商品及服務稅 (GST) 限制了各州的財政獨立性，但數據強調 GST 並非唯一原因，因為截至2024-25年，GST 僅佔 SOTR 的 43.4%。

Different types of taxes show varying levels of efficiency. For example, taxes on goods and sales are the most consistent, whereas stamp duties change more frequently. Specific government decisions have also affected these numbers; for instance, Bihar's decision to ban alcohol in 2016 caused a huge loss in excise revenue, making it the worst performer. In contrast, Chhattisgarh is the only state that grew in both goods-related and non-goods-related tax ratios.

不同類型的稅收顯示出不同的效率。例如，貨品稅和銷售稅最為穩定，而印花稅則變動較為頻繁。特定的政府決定也影響了這些數字；例如，比哈爾邦在2016年決定禁酒，導致消費稅收入損失慘重，使其成為表現最差的州。相比之下，恰蒂斯加爾邦是唯一一個貨品相關和非貨品相關稅收比例均增長的州。

There is a clear tension between financial caution and political goals. Many states have introduced popular spending programs to win public support, which has damaged the financial health of even strong states like Maharashtra. Furthermore, a gap exists between wealthy states, which argue that current funding rules punish efficiency, and states like Bihar, which ask for central government help despite their own policy-driven revenue losses.

財政謹慎與政治目標之間存在明顯的緊張關係。許多州引入了受歡迎的支出計畫以贏得公眾支持，這損害了即使是像馬哈拉施特拉邦這樣強大的州的財政健康。此外，富裕州與比哈爾邦等州之間存在差距，前者認為目前的撥款規則懲罰了效率，而後者儘管因自身政策導致收入損失，仍要求中央政府提供援助。

The current financial environment is characterized by a widespread drop in state revenue, which means states must now focus on both limiting spending and reforming their policies.

目前的財政環境特徵是州政府收入普遍下降，這意味著各州現在必須同時專注於限制支出與改革政策。