Alan Greenspan, the long-time leader of the United States Federal Reserve, has passed away at the age of 100 due to complications from Parkinson's disease.

美國聯準會長期領導人艾倫．格林斯潘因帕金森氏症併發症，以100歲高齡逝世。

Greenspan's career began with a background in music and academic studies at New York University and Columbia University, before he moved into economic consulting and public service. His early views were strongly influenced by the philosophy of Ayn Rand, which emphasized free-market capitalism and individual interest. Before leading the Federal Reserve, he served as the chair of the Council of Economic Advisers under President Gerald Ford from 1974 to 1977, a role he described as essential to his commitment to public service.

格林斯潘的職業生涯始於音樂背景以及在紐約大學和哥倫比亞大學的學術研究，隨後他轉入經濟諮詢和公共服務。他的早期觀點深受艾恩．蘭德（Ayn Rand）哲學的影響，強調自由市場資本主義和個人利益。在領導聯準會之前，他於1974年至1977年期間在總統傑拉德．福特任內擔任經濟顧問委員會主席，他將此角色描述為他致力於公共服務的關鍵。

Appointed by President Ronald Reagan in 1987, Greenspan led the Federal Reserve for five terms across four different presidential administrations. He is well-known for managing the 1987 'Black Monday' stock market crash and overseeing a long period of economic growth between 1991 and 2001. During this time, he kept prices stable and unemployment low, arguing that new technology allowed the economy to grow without causing inflation. Furthermore, he was known for a cautious communication style, often using complex language to manage the expectations of the financial markets.

格林斯潘於1987年由總統羅納德．雷根任命，在四個不同的總統任期內領導聯準會共五屆。他以處理1987年「黑色星期一」股市大崩盤以及監督1991年至2001年期間的長期經濟增長而聞名。在此期間，他維持物價穩定和低失業率，認為新技術使經濟能夠在不引起通貨膨脹的情況下增長。此外，他以謹慎的溝通風格著稱，經常使用複雜的語言來管理金融市場的預期。

However, his legacy is often debated because of the 2008 financial crisis. Critics argue that the economic collapse was caused by his support for deregulation, particularly the removal of the Glass-Steagall Act and the lack of rules for complex financial products. Greenspan later admitted that he made a mistake in assuming that banks would regulate themselves effectively. In his final years, he continued to analyze the economy and emphasized that the Federal Reserve must remain independent from political interference.

然而，由於2008年金融危機，他的遺產經常引起爭論。批評者認為，經濟崩潰是由於他支持去監管，特別是廢除《格拉斯-斯蒂格爾法案》（Glass-Steagall Act）以及對複雜金融產品缺乏規範。格林斯潘後來承認，他假設銀行會有效地自我監管是一個錯誤。在晚年，他繼續分析經濟，並強調聯準會必須保持獨立，不受政治干預。

Alan Greenspan leaves behind a complicated legacy, marked by a period of record economic growth followed by a major financial crisis caused by deregulation policies.

艾倫．格林斯潘留下了複雜的遺產，其標誌是經歷了一段紀錄般的經濟增長期，隨後則是由去監管政策引起的重大金融危機。