African countries are trying to fix the long-term division in their aviation sector to improve regional connections and economic growth.

非洲國家正嘗試解決其航空業長期以來的分裂問題，以改善區域連接與經濟增長。

The current state of African aviation shows a large gap between official promises and reality. The 1999 Yamoussoukro Decision aimed to create a free market by reducing taxes and increasing available flight routes. This goal was supported again in 2018 with the Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM). However, the sector is still limited by protective national policies and inconsistent rules. Consequently, passengers often have to fly through non-African hubs to travel between African cities.

目前非洲航空的狀況顯示，官方承諾與現實之間存在巨大差距。1999年的《亞穆蘇克羅決定》旨在透過減稅和增加可用航線來創造一個自由市場。這一目標在2018年透過「單一非洲航空運輸市場」(SAATM) 再次獲得支持。然而，該產業仍受限於保護主義的國家政策和不一致的規則。因此，乘客在非洲城市之間旅行時，經常必須經由非非洲的樞紐機場轉機。

There is a clear conflict between economic goals and national interests. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) asserted that opening markets in twelve key countries could create 155,000 jobs and add $1.3 billion to the annual GDP. On the other hand, experts like Derek Nseko emphasized that the main problem is a lack of political will. He argues that governments prefer to protect national airlines that are not profitable instead of allowing fair competition. For liberalization to work, countries must grant 'fifth freedom' traffic rights, a strategy that Morocco has used successfully with Europe.

經濟目標與國家利益之間存在明顯衝突。國際航空運輸協會 (IATA) 斷言，開放12個關鍵國家的市場可創造15.5萬個工作崗位，並每年為GDP增加13億美元。另一方面，如 Derek Nseko 等專家強調，主要問題在於缺乏政治意願。他認為政府寧願保護不獲利的國家航空公司，而不願允許公平競爭。為了讓自由化奏效，各國必須授予「第五航權」，摩洛哥在歐洲採取此策略便取得了成功。

Recent efforts are now focusing on solving these systemic failures. At the 2026 African Air Transport Convention in Togo, ministers adopted the Lomé Declaration to organize technical and financial resources. Furthermore, the African Airlines Association (AFRAA) identified the new Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) as a vital tool for making countries follow their agreements. AFRAA Director Maureen Kahonge emphasized that for these plans to work, governments must lower aviation taxes and simplify visa rules to allow people to move freely, aligning aviation with the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

近期的努力正集中於解決這些系統性失效。在多哥舉行的2026年非洲航空運輸會議上，各部長通過了《洛美宣言》以組織技術和財政資源。此外，非洲航空公司協會 (AFRAA) 將新的爭議解決機制 (DSM) 視為促使各國遵守協議的關鍵工具。AFRAA 總監 Maureen Kahonge 強調，要使這些計劃可行，政府必須降低航空稅並簡化簽證規則以允許人員自由流動，使航空業與非洲大陸自由貿易區 (AfCFTA) 保持一致。

Although new frameworks and legal mechanisms are in place, the full opening of African skies depends on the removal of national protectionist barriers.

雖然已有新的框架與法律機制，但非洲領空的全面開放取決於能否移除國家保護主義障礙。