The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has started legal action against Rwanda at the International Court of Justice (ICJ). At the same time, the United States has introduced sanctions against Rwandan companies involved in the illegal trade of minerals.

剛果民主共和國（DRC）已在國際法院（ICJ）對盧安達採取法律行動。與此同時，美國對涉及非法礦物貿易的盧安達公司實施制裁。

The legal case focuses on a request by the DRC to the ICJ, claiming that Rwanda is responsible for serious human rights abuses in eastern DRC from 1996 to today. The Congolese government asserts that Rwandan forces and their partners, such as the M23/AFC alliance, carried out illegal military operations against various ethnic groups. Consequently, the DRC is asking for compensation and an end to these activities, stating that Rwanda broke international laws regarding genocide and torture. This is the third time the DRC has tried to get the ICJ to intervene after previous attempts in 2001 and 2006 failed.

此法律案件聚焦於剛果民主共和國向國際法院提出的請求，聲稱盧安達對剛果東部從1996年至今的嚴重人權侵害負有責任。剛果政府主張，盧安達軍隊及其合作夥伴（例如 M23/AFC 聯盟）對各族群進行了非法軍事行動。因此，剛果民主共和國要求賠償並停止這些活動，並指出盧安達違反了關於種族滅絕與酷刑的國際法。在2001年與2006年的嘗試失敗後，這是剛果民主共和國第三次嘗試請求國際法院介入。

Alongside these legal steps, the United States has applied sanctions to two individuals and four companies. These include the Gasabo Gold Refinery and three other mining firms. The U.S. State Department emphasizes that these groups helped smuggle conflict minerals, such as gold and coltan, to fund the M23 rebels. Specifically, the U.S. claims that about 60kg of gold was illegally sent to Gasabo Gold in early 2026, a process that was reportedly managed by Rwandan officials.

除這些法律步驟外，美國已對兩人及四家公司實施制裁。其中包括 Gasabo 金精煉廠以及其他三家礦業公司。美國國務院強調，這些團體協助走私衝突礦產（如黃金與鈳鉭鈮礦）以資助 M23 叛軍。具體而言，美國聲稱 2026 年初約有 60 公斤黃金被非法運往 Gasabo Gold，據報導此過程由盧安達官員管理。

These actions are part of the 'Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity,' a plan created by the Trump administration to make mineral supply chains more transparent. However, despite these diplomatic efforts and a ceasefire mediated by Qatar, the region remains unstable. Rwanda denies supporting M23 and argues that its military presence is necessary to defend against the FDLR militia. In contrast, UN experts and Western governments have stated there is strong evidence of Rwandan involvement in the conflict.

這些行動是「華盛頓和平繁榮協定」的一部分，該計劃由川普政府制定，旨在提高礦產供應鏈的透明度。然而，儘管有這些外交努力以及由卡達調停的停火協議，該地區依然不穩定。盧安達否認支持 M23，並主張其軍隊的存在是為了防禦 FDLR 民兵。相反，聯合國專家與西方政府表示，有強而有力的證據證明盧安達參與了這場衝突。

The region continues to suffer from military conflict and mutual accusations, even though international legal processes and U.S. diplomatic efforts are ongoing.

儘管國際法律程序與美國外交努力仍在進行，但該地區仍持續受軍事衝突與相互指責之苦。