Reducing Industrial Pollution and Urban Waste in the Yamuna River

減少雅穆納河的工業污染與城市廢棄物

Jun 28, 2026, 22:18

Introduction

Authorities in Haryana and Delhi are introducing new infrastructure and regulations to lower ammonia levels and reduce industrial pollution in the Yamuna river system.

哈里亞納邦與德里的當局正在引入新的基礎設施與法規，以降低氨水平並減少雅穆納河系統的工業污染。

Main Body

The Haryana environment department is currently finishing the conversion of Diversion Drain No. 6 (DD-6) from an open channel to a closed pipe system. According to a report submitted to the National Green Tribunal (NGT), 98% of the pipeline installation is complete. This change is designed to stop industrial waste from leaking into DD-8, which provides drinking water for Delhi. This action was necessary because the Delhi Jal Board emphasized that waste and mud in DD-6 often caused overflows into the freshwater supply.

哈里亞納邦環境部門目前正在完成將 6 號分流渠 (DD-6) 從開放式渠道轉換為封閉式管道系統。根據提交給國家綠色法庭 (NGT) 的報告，管道安裝已完成 98%。此項變更旨在防止工業廢物洩漏到提供德里飲用水的 DD-8。由於德里水務局強調 DD-6 的廢物與淤泥經常導致溢流進入淡水供應，因此此舉十分必要。

Furthermore, the Haryana irrigation department found 35 points where industrial waste enters the channel, totaling about 42.7 million liters per day. A detailed plan to stop these inflows has been proposed, with a deadline of June 2028. These steps aim to stop frequent ammonia spikes that occur between December and March. These spikes often exceed the limits that treatment plants can handle, which forces them to shut down temporarily to prevent the creation of toxic chemicals.

此外，哈里亞納邦灌溉部門發現了 35 個工業廢物進入渠道的點，每日總量約 4,270 萬公升。當局已提出一份詳細計劃以阻止這些流入，期限為 2028 年 6 月。這些步驟旨在阻止 12 月至 3 月間頻繁出現的氨濃度飆升。這些飆升經常超過處理廠的處理極限，迫使處理廠暫時關閉，以防止產生有毒化學物質。

At the same time, the Delhi government is tackling urban pollution. Chief Minister Rekha Gupta announced new collection centers to recycle religious materials so they are not thrown into the river. Additionally, the city plans to modernize sewage treatment plants and expand the sewer network. These measures are urgent because a small 22km section of the river from Wazirabad to Okhla produces 76% of the total pollution, mainly due to 22 drains releasing untreated waste.

與此同時，德里政府正在處理城市污染。首席部長 Rekha Gupta 宣布將設立新的回收中心以回收宗教物品，避免其被丟入河中。此外，該市計劃將污水處理廠現代化並擴展下水道網絡。這些措施十分緊急，因為從 Wazirabad 到 Okhla 僅 22 公里的短截河段就產生了 76% 的總污染，主因是 22 條排水渠排放未經處理的廢物。

Conclusion

Work to improve water quality continues as Haryana closes industrial drains and Delhi expands its waste management systems.

隨著哈里亞納邦封閉工業排水渠以及德里擴展廢棄物管理系統，改善水質的工作將持續進行。

Vocabulary Learning

⚡ The 'Action-Result' Connection

To move from A2 to B2, you must stop using only simple sentences (e.g., 'The pipe is closed. The water is clean.') and start using Complex Cause & Effect structures.

In this text, the writer uses sophisticated ways to explain why something is happening and what the result is. Let's dissect the most powerful ones:

🛠 The 'Purpose' Bridge: Designed to / Aim to

Instead of saying "They do this because...", a B2 speaker uses verbs of intention:

"This change is designed to stop industrial waste..."
"These steps aim to stop frequent ammonia spikes..."

Coach's Tip: Use [Action] + [is designed to/aims to] + [Verb] to sound more professional and precise.

🔄 The 'Forced' Result: Which forces them to

Look at this sequence: "...exceed the limits... which forces them to shut down..."

At A2, you might say: "The limits are too high, so they shut down." At B2, we use which + [result] to link a situation directly to its consequence. This creates a flow that feels natural and academic.

📈 Vocabulary Upgrade: From 'Bad' to 'Specific'

B2 fluency is about replacing general words with "high-impact" terms. Notice these shifts in the text:

A2 Word (General)	B2 Word (Specific)	Why it's better
Fix/Change	Modernize	Implies bringing something up to current standards.
Happen	Occur	More formal and precise for reports.
Stop	Tackle	Suggests dealing with a difficult problem actively.
Big/Many	Frequent	Describes the pattern of the event, not just the size.

The B2 Mindset: Don't just describe the world; describe the relationship between events. Use designed to and which forces to build those bridges.

Vocabulary Learning

infrastructure (n.)

The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Example:The government is investing in new infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, to improve transport.

conversion (n.)

The process of changing something from one form, function, or state to another.

Example:The conversion of the old warehouse into modern apartments took several months.

emphasized (v.)

To give special importance or prominence to something in speaking or writing.

Example:The teacher emphasized the importance of reviewing the vocabulary before the exam.

inflows (n.)

The act of flowing into a particular area or system, often referring to liquids or money.

Example:The city is trying to manage the inflows of rainwater to prevent flooding in the streets.

exceed (v.)

To be greater than a particular amount or value.

Example:If the temperature exceeds 40 degrees Celsius, it is recommended to stay indoors.

tackling (v.)

Making determined efforts to deal with a difficult problem.

Example:The local council is finally tackling the issue of homelessness in the city center.

modernize (v.)

To adapt something to modern needs or habits, typically by adding new technology.

Example:The company decided to modernize its production line to increase efficiency.

untreated (adj.)

Not processed or cleaned, especially in reference to waste or water before it is released into nature.

Example:Releasing untreated sewage into the ocean causes severe environmental damage.

Practice B2 words in a crossword→