Analysis of Rising Domestic and Foreign Security Threats to Germany

德國國內及對外安全威脅上升分析

Jun 30, 2026, 20:17

Introduction

The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) has released its annual report. The document describes a systematic increase in extremist activities and foreign intelligence operations within Germany.

聯邦憲法保衛局（BfV）已發布年度報告。該文件描述了德國境內極端主義活動與外國情報行動正系統性地增加。

Main Body

The BfV identifies a complex threat environment where internal divisions and external aggression meet. Regarding domestic stability, right-wing extremism is seen as the primary risk. The number of potential extremists grew by 8,450, reaching a total of 58,700. This growth is largely caused by the expansion of the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) party, which had 70,000 members by October 2025. The BfV estimates that about 28,000 of these members have extremist views. Although the party's official classification as an extremist organization is currently being reviewed by a court, the agency continues to monitor the AfD for activities that go against the constitution. Furthermore, the 'Reichsbürger' and 'Selbstverwalter' movements, totaling 26,000 people, are noted for rejecting the legal authority of the German state.

BfV 指出目前處於一個內部分裂與外部侵略交織的複雜威脅環境。關於國內穩定，右翼極端主義被視為主要風險。潛在極端分子的數量增加了 8,450 人，總數達到 58,700 人。此增長主因於「德國替代選擇黨」（AfD）的擴張，截至 2025 年 10 月已有 70,000 名黨員。BfV 估計其中約 28,000 名黨員持有極端觀點。雖然法院目前正在審理將該黨正式定義為極端組織的決定，但該局將持續監控 AfD 是否有違憲活動。此外，「帝國公民」與「自我管理員」運動共計 26,000 人，其特點在於拒絕承認德國政府的法律權威。

At the same time, left-wing extremism has grown to 42,200 individuals. The BfV connects this increase to a perceived shift toward the right in society and reactions against militarism following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Islamist extremism also remains a concern, with 28,645 identified individuals, a situation made worse by conflicts in the Middle East.

與此同時，左翼極端主義人數已增至 42,200 人。BfV 將此增長與社會感知到的右傾趨勢，以及俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭後對軍事主義的反彈聯繫起來。伊斯蘭極端主義依然令人擔憂，共有 28,645 人被識別，中東地區的衝突使情況 further 惡化。

Regarding external threats, the report describes a strategy of 'hybrid warfare' used by foreign powers. Russia is identified as the biggest threat, using temporary agents for sabotage and spying. China and Iran are also mentioned for illegal political interference and for targeting exiled dissidents. The BfV emphasized that antisemitism is a main driver for state-sponsored activities, especially those from Iran, which target Jewish and Israeli interests.

關於外部威脅，報告描述了外國勢力採用的「混合戰爭」策略。俄羅斯被視為最大威脅，利用臨時特工進行破壞與間諜活動。中國與伊朗亦被提及涉及非法政治干預，並針對流亡異見人士。BfV 強調，反猶主義是國家資助活動的主要驅動力，尤其是來自伊朗的活動，其目標為猶太人與以色列的利益。

Conclusion

Germany is currently facing a simultaneous increase in domestic extremist membership and advanced foreign operations, which has led the government to call for stronger intelligence powers.

德國目前面臨國內極端主義成員增加與先進外國行動的同步增長，這導致政府呼籲強化情報權限。

Vocabulary Learning

🚀 The 'B2 Logic' Shift: From Simple Facts to Cause & Effect

At the A2 level, you describe what is happening. At the B2 level, you explain why it is happening and how things are connected. The article provides a perfect map for this transition.

🧩 The Concept: "Connecting the Dots"

Instead of saying "X happened. Y happened," a B2 speaker uses connecting phrases to show a relationship. Look at these transformations from the text:

A2 Style (Simple Facts):

Left-wing extremism grew. People are reacting to the war in Ukraine.
Iran is a threat. Iran targets Jewish interests.

B2 Style (Analytical Links):

The BfV connects this increase to a perceived shift toward the right...
...antisemitism is a main driver for state-sponsored activities.

🛠️ Your New Toolkit

To move toward B2, stop using "because" for everything. Try these patterns found in the text:

"X is seen as the primary risk" $\rightarrow$ Use this to prioritize information rather than just listing it.
"...a situation made worse by..." $\rightarrow$ Use this to show how one problem adds to another.
"...largely caused by..." $\rightarrow$ Use this to pinpoint the main reason for a change.

⚠️ Vocabulary Upgrade: Precision over Simplicity

Notice how the text avoids basic words to be more exact. This is the "Academic Edge" you need:

A2 Word	B2 Upgrade (from text)	Why it's better
Big/Many	Systematic / Advanced	Describes the nature of the growth, not just the size.
Bad things	Extremist activities	Specific and professional.
Help/Cause	Driver	Metaphorical and strong; shows what pushes a trend.
Mix	Complex threat environment	Shows that many different things are happening at once.

Vocabulary Learning

systematic (adj.)

Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical.

Example:The company took a systematic approach to improving its security protocols.

aggression (n.)

Forceful or hostile behavior, often involving an attack.

Example:The international community condemned the military aggression against the small nation.

classification (n.)

The action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.

Example:The classification of the document as 'top secret' means it cannot be shared with the public.

perceived (adj.)

Seen or interpreted in a particular way, though not necessarily based on reality.

Example:There is a perceived risk that the new law will limit freedom of speech.

militarism (n.)

The belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability.

Example:The rise of militarism in the region led to an increase in weapon production.

sabotage (n./v.)

Deliberately destroy, damage, or obstruct something, especially for political or military advantage.

Example:The agents were accused of attempting to sabotage the city's power grid.

interference (n.)

The action of interfering with something, often in a way that is unwanted or obstructive.

Example:The government denied any foreign interference in the national elections.

dissidents (n.)

People who oppose official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state.

Example:The political dissidents were forced to flee their country to avoid imprisonment.

simultaneous (adj.)

Happening, existing, or done at the exact same time.

Example:The simultaneous release of the two products created a huge surge in website traffic.

Practice B2 words in a crossword→