Analysis of Rising Anti-Ukrainian Sentiment in Poland

波蘭反烏克蘭情緒上升之分析

Jun 30, 2026, 16:05

Introduction

A new report by the Instytut Krytyki Politycznej shows that hostility toward Ukrainian citizens living in Poland has increased since the start of 2025.

政治批判研究所（Instytut Krytyki Politycznej）的一份新報告顯示，自 2025 年初起，波蘭對居住在當地的烏克蘭公民之敵意有所增加。

Main Body

The report, titled 'We Are Not at Home: Ukrainian Migrants and Refugees on Relations with Poles,' was written by sociologist Przemyslaw Sadura and researcher Olena Babakova. The authors based their findings on detailed interviews with 25 Ukrainians, including both new refugees and long-term workers. The data suggests that anti-Ukrainian comments have moved from social media and the internet into real-life daily interactions.

這份名為《我們不在家：烏克蘭移民與難民與波蘭人的關係》的報告，是由社會學家 Przemyslaw Sadura 與研究員 Olena Babakova 撰寫的。作者將研究結果基於對 25 位烏克蘭人（包括新來的難民與長期工作者）的詳細訪談。數據顯示，反烏克蘭的言論已經從社交媒體與網路，延伸到現實生活的日常互動中。

Many participants emphasized that this change was caused by the 2025 presidential election cycle, whereas others argued that the tensions are based on long-term historical conflicts. This hostility appears in two different ways. For example, open discrimination often happens on public transport and is usually triggered by the Ukrainian language or accent. Furthermore, more subtle forms of exclusion have been reported in healthcare, universities, and the rental housing market.

許多參與者強調，這種轉變是由 2025 年總統選舉週期引起的，而其他人則認為緊張局勢是基於長期的歷史衝突。這種敵意以兩種不同的方式出現。例如，公開的歧視經常發生在公共交通工具上，通常是由烏克蘭語或口音所觸發。此外，醫療保健、大學與租賃房屋市場中也被報導出現了更隱晦的排斥形式。

Although most Polish people still generally support Ukraine, recent polls show that sympathy for refugees is gradually decreasing. This decline is likely linked to concerns about competition in the job market and the distribution of social welfare benefits. Consequently, these economic and historical issues prevent a full social and diplomatic reconciliation.

雖然大多數波蘭人基本上仍然支持烏克蘭，但近期的民調顯示，對難民的同情心正逐漸下降。這種下降可能與對就業市場競爭以及社會福利分配的擔憂有關。因此，這些經濟與歷史問題阻礙了全面的社會與外交和解。

Conclusion

Ukrainian residents in Poland are facing an increase in both open and systemic discrimination, which coincides with a general drop in public sympathy.

居住在波蘭的烏克蘭人正面對公開與系統性歧視的增加，而這正好與公眾同情心的全面下降相吻合。

Vocabulary Learning

💡 The 'B2 Logic' Jump: From Simple Facts to Complex Connections

At the A2 level, you describe what happened. To reach B2, you must describe how and why things are connected. The secret is moving away from simple words like "and" or "but" and using Logical Connectors.

🔗 The 'Cause & Effect' Upgrade

Look at these transitions from the text. They don't just give information; they build a bridge between two ideas:

"Whereas" $\rightarrow$ $\to$ Use this instead of "but" when comparing two different opinions.
- Example: "Some people like the city, whereas others prefer the countryside."
"Consequently" $\rightarrow$ $\to$ Use this instead of "so" to sound more professional and academic.
- Example: "The company lost money; consequently, they cut the budget."
"Likely linked to" $\rightarrow$ $\to$ This is a B2 powerhouse phrase. Instead of saying "I think X caused Y," use this to suggest a relationship between two trends.
- Example: "The rise in prices is likely linked to the fuel shortage."

🛠️ Vocabulary Shift: Precision over Simplicity

B2 students stop using generic words like "bad" or "big" and use specific descriptors. Notice the a-to-b shift in this article:

A2 Word (Too Simple)	B2 Word (From Text)	Why it's better
Hate / Anger	Hostility	Describes a state of enmity, not just a feeling.
Small / Hidden	Subtle	Describes things that are not obvious.
Happen at the same time	Coincides with	Shows a precise chronological connection.

🚀 Pro Tip for Fluency

Stop writing sentences as isolated islands. Use the "Furthermore" technique to stack your arguments. When you provide one reason, add "Furthermore..." to introduce a second, stronger point. This creates the "flow" that examiners look for in B2 certifications.

Vocabulary Learning

hostility (n.)

Unfriendly or aggressive behavior toward someone.

Example:The refugees faced unexpected hostility from some local residents.

emphasized (v.)

To give special importance or prominence to something in speaking or writing.

Example:The professor emphasized the importance of citing sources in the research paper.

discrimination (n.)

The unfair treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Example:The company was accused of age discrimination during the hiring process.

triggered (v.)

To cause something to happen, especially a sudden or strong reaction.

Example:The loud noise triggered a panic among the crowd.

subtle (adj.)

Not obvious or apparent; difficult to detect or describe.

Example:There was a subtle difference in the flavor of the two wines.

exclusion (n.)

The act of preventing someone from participating in an activity or being part of a group.

Example:Social exclusion can lead to feelings of isolation and depression.

distribution (n.)

The action of sharing something out among a number of recipients.

Example:The government managed the distribution of emergency food supplies.

reconciliation (n.)

The restoration of friendly relations after a conflict.

Example:The two countries are working toward a diplomatic reconciliation after years of war.

systemic (adj.)

Relating to a system as a whole rather than a particular part.

Example:The report highlighted systemic failures within the healthcare administration.

coincides (v.)

To happen at the same time as something else.

Example:The publication of the book coincides with the author's 50th birthday.

Practice B2 words in a crossword→