The German Federal Network Agency has decided that the state-owned rail operator must give a specific percentage of its network capacity to competing companies.

德國聯邦網絡局已決定，國有鐵路營運商必須將特定百分比的網絡容量提供給競爭公司。

This decision follows a legal challenge by the Italian rail company Italo, which claimed that it was being blocked from entering the market. For a long time, Deutsche Bahn has dominated the industry, controlling over 90 percent of long-distance transport. However, this dominance has happened alongside a decline in infrastructure quality, such as a recent nationwide failure of radio communications that caused major delays for passengers. Consequently, the regulator determined that the current system does not guarantee enough access rights for other operators.

此決定源於義大利鐵路公司 Italo 的法律挑戰，該公司聲稱其被阻撓進入市場。長期以來，德國鐵路 (Deutsche Bahn) 一直主導該產業，控制超過 90% 的長途運輸。然而，這種主導地位伴隨而來的是基礎設施品質的下降，例如近期發生的一次全國性無線電通訊故障，導致乘客面臨嚴重延誤。因此，監管機構認定目前的制度無法保證其他營運商擁有足夠的准入權。

Under the new rules, DB InfraGO—the infrastructure part of Deutsche Bahn—cannot give more than 60 to 75 percent of rail slots to a single company on the busiest long-distance routes. This means that 25 to 40 percent of the capacity must be reserved for competitors. This system is designed to help companies like Italo and Flix enter the market. Italo has stated that it is ready to invest 3.6 billion euros to start operations in April 2028, focusing on profitable routes between cities such as Munich, Frankfurt, Berlin, and Hamburg.

根據新規定，德國鐵路旗下的基礎設施部門 DB InfraGO 在最繁忙的長途路線上，不能將 60% 至 75% 以上的鐵路時段分配給單一公司。這意味著 25% 至 40% 的容量必須預留給競爭對手。此制度旨在幫助 Italo 和 Flix 等公司進入市場。Italo 表示已準備投資 36 億歐元，於 2028 年 4 月開始營運，重點關注慕尼黑、法蘭克福、柏林和漢堡等城市之間的高獲利路線。

Different stakeholders have different views on this change. The Federal Network Agency emphasizes that more competition will lead to lower prices and better service quality. On the other hand, Deutsche Bahn argues that sharing the capacity may make existing problems at rail junctions even worse. To fix its current operational issues, the state operator is now using a modernization strategy based on increased government spending.

不同的利益相關者對此項變更持有不同看法。聯邦網絡局強調，更多的競爭將帶來更低的價格和更好的服務品質。另一方面，德國鐵路則認為分享容量可能會使鐵路接點現有的問題更加惡化。為了修復目前的營運問題，該國有營運商目前正採取一套基於增加政府支出之現代化策略。

The Federal Network Agency has ordered a reduction in Deutsche Bahn's control over rail capacity to allow foreign and domestic competitors to enter the market by 2028.

聯邦網絡局已要求減少德國鐵路對鐵路容量的控制，以便國外及國內競爭對手在 2028 年前進入市場。