The United States and China are currently competing to land astronauts on the Moon and build permanent bases in space.

美國與中國目前正在競爭將太空人送上月球，並在太空建立永久基地。

The current situation in lunar exploration is a race between the US and China. NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman emphasized that the gap between the US goal of 2028 and China's goal of 2030 is very small. He described this as a modern space race. However, unlike the Cold War, China already has strong technical skills, which is proven by their successful robotic missions to the Moon.

目前的月球探索情況是美國與中國之間的一場競賽。NASA 局長 Jared Isaacman 強調，美國 2028 年的目標與中國 2030 年的目標之間，差距非常小。他將此形容為一場現代太空競賽。然而，與冷戰時期不同，中國已經擁有強大的技術能力，其成功的月球機器人任務便證明了這一點。

To gain an advantage, NASA is using a step-by-step plan called the Artemis program. After the Artemis II flyby, the agency will use Artemis III to test important technologies. Consequently, this will lead to the Artemis IV mission, which aims to put humans back on the lunar surface by 2028. The US strategy focuses on moving from simple demonstrations to creating a lasting presence. Furthermore, NASA plans to increase launch activities in 2027 to send a lunar vehicle and basic infrastructure before the astronauts arrive.

為了取得優勢，NASA 正採用一個名為「阿提米絲計畫」的逐步方案。在 Artemis II 繞飛之後，該機構將利用 Artemis III 測試關鍵技術。因此，這將導向 Artemis IV 任務，目標是在 2028 年前將人類重新送回月球表面。美國的策略重點在於從簡單的演示轉向建立持久的存在。此外，NASA 計劃在 2027 年增加發射活動，在太空人抵達前先派遣月球車與基礎設施。

There are also significant differences in diplomacy and law. While the Chinese government has denied that there is a race and has called for international cooperation, the US cannot legally work with the Chinese space agency because of the 2011 Wolf Amendment. As a result, China has strengthened its relationship with Russia. This partnership led to a 2021 agreement to build the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS), which will include a power station on the Moon.

在外交與法律方面也存在顯著差異。雖然中國政府否認存在競賽並呼籲國際合作，但美國由於 2011 年的《沃夫修正案》，在法律上無法與中國航天局合作。結果，中國強化了與俄羅斯的關係。此夥伴關係促成了 2021 年的一項協議，將共同建立國際月球研究站 (ILRS)，其中將包括一座月球發電站。

The Moon is being used as a testing ground for long-term living and as a necessary first step before humans attempt to travel to Mars.

月球正被用作長期居住的試驗場，也是人類嘗試前往火星前必要的首要步驟。