The European Union has reached an initial agreement on a new asylum system called the Migration Pact, which is expected to start on June 12, 2026.

歐盟已就一套名為「移民協定」的新庇護系統達成初步協議，預計將於 2026 年 6 月 12 日起實施。

The new rules allow the EU to send rejected asylum seekers to 'return hubs' in third-party countries, even if the person has no previous connection to that country. To encourage people to leave, the regulations allow authorities to reduce financial support, take away travel documents, and keep people in detention for up to 24 months. These steps are designed to reduce security risks and make deportations more efficient.

新規則允許歐盟將被拒絕的庇護申請者送往第三國的「遣返中心」，即使該人士與該國此前毫無關係。為了鼓勵人們離開，法規允許當局減少財務支持、沒收旅行證件，並將其拘留長達 24 個月。這些步驟旨在降低安全風險並提高遣返效率。

However, these plans face several problems. The German Expert Council on Integration and Migration (SVR) has argued that these strict return policies could threaten basic human rights and the law. Furthermore, there is a gap between what politicians say and what they actually do. For example, while the Italian government claims to restrict migration, it has actually granted about half a million work permits to non-EU citizens because the economy needs more workers.

然而，這些計劃面臨若干問題。德國集成與移民專家委員會 (SVR) 認為，這些嚴格的遣返政策可能會威脅基本人權與法律。此外，政客的言論與實際行動之間存在落差。例如，雖然義大利政府聲稱限制移民，但由於經濟需要更多勞工，實際上已向非歐盟公民發放了約 50 萬份工作許可。

From an economic view, illegal migration continues because many businesses in sectors like farming and transport rely on cheap foreign labor. This creates a contradiction where governments try to stop migration while industries continue to demand it. Some experts compare this to the late Roman Empire, where the state depended on outsiders to keep its economy and military running. Consequently, current laws are seen as symbolic actions that do not solve the real economic reasons why people migrate.

從經濟角度看，由於農業和運輸等部門的許多企業依賴廉價外勞，非法移民現象持續存在。這造成了一種矛盾，即政府試圖阻止移民，而工業界卻持續需求。一些專家將此比作羅馬帝國末期，當時國家依賴外來者來維持經濟和軍事運作。因此，現行法律被視為象徵性行動，未能解決人們移民的真正經濟原因。

The EU's new migration rules aim to make deportations and security more consistent, but they are limited by economic needs and legal concerns.

歐盟的新移民規則旨在使遣返與安全措施更加一致，但受限於經濟需求與法律顧慮。