The 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual meeting in Chicago provided a platform to present major medical breakthroughs and identify serious problems in the global cancer care system.

在芝加哥舉行的 2026 年美國臨床腫瘤學會 (ASCO) 年會，提供了一個平台來展示重大醫療突破，並指出全球癌症照護系統中的嚴重問題。

Recent data show a clear move toward precision medicine and immunotherapy. For example, the drug daraxonrasib has doubled the average survival time for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, increasing it to 13.2 months compared to about 6.7 months with standard chemotherapy. Other 'smart drugs' are also emerging; GRWD5769 helps the immune system find tumors, while mezigdomide targets proteins that keep multiple myeloma cells alive. Furthermore, the use of personalized mRNA vaccines and CAR T-cell therapy is increasing the chances of long-term recovery for patients with melanoma and blood cancers.

近期數據顯示，醫療方向明顯向精準醫學與免疫治療傾斜。例如，藥物 daraxonrasib 將晚期胰臟癌患者的平均生存時間增加了一倍，從標準化療的大約 6.7 個月提升至 13.2 個月。其他「智能藥物」也隨之出現；GRWD5769 協助免疫系統尋找腫瘤，而 mezigdomide 則針對維持多發性骨髓瘤細胞生存的蛋白質。此外，個人化 mRNA 疫苗與 CAR T-cell 療法的應用，增加了黑色素瘤與血液癌症患者長期康復的機會。

At the same time, researchers are focusing more on early detection and prevention. The Francis Crick Institute has developed a blood test to identify lung cancer risks, and data from the University of Pennsylvania suggest that certain diabetes medications (GLP-1 receptor agonists) may reduce breast cancer risk by 30%. However, not all tests are successful, as the Galleri multi-cancer test failed to meet its goals in a large NHS trial. Despite this, genomic testing is now allowing some breast cancer patients to avoid chemotherapy entirely, leading to more individualized treatment plans.

同時，研究人員更加關注早期檢測與預防。Francis Crick 研究所開發了一種血液檢測以識別肺癌風險，而賓州大學的數據顯示，某些糖尿病藥物（GLP-1 受體激動劑）可能會將乳腺癌風險降低 30%。然而，並非所有檢測都獲得成功，例如 Galleri 多癌症檢測在一次大型 NHS 臨床試驗中未能達到目標。儘管如此，基因組檢測現在讓部分乳腺癌患者能完全避免化療，使治療方案更加個人化。

Despite these scientific successes, there are significant economic and institutional obstacles. The rising cost of cancer drugs has increased patient debt, and the Trump administration's decision to freeze NIH and NSF grants is seen as a threat to basic research. Moreover, experts predict a global shortage of 100 million healthcare workers by 2050, while cancer rates are expected to rise by 21% due to aging populations. Finally, the market is changing; instead of one dominant drug like Keytruda, the industry is moving toward a variety of specialized therapies, such as ivonescimab.

儘管科學上取得成功，但在經濟與制度上仍存在重大障礙。癌症藥物成本上升增加了患者債務，而川普政府決定凍結 NIH 與 NSF 的撥款，被視為對基礎研究的威脅。此外，專家預測到 2050 年，全球將短缺 1 億名醫療工作者，而由於人口老化，癌症率預計將上升 21%。最後，市場環境正在改變；產業不再由 Keytruda 這種主導藥物壟斷，而是趨向多元化的專門療法，例如 ivonescimab。

In conclusion, while cancer treatment is improving rapidly and survival rates are rising, these achievements are threatened by increasing costs, a lack of medical staff, and unstable government funding for research.

總結來說，雖然癌症治療進步迅速且生存率正在上升，但這些成就正受到成本增加、醫療人員短缺以及政府研究撥款不穩定等因素的威脅。