Analysis of Weather Differences and Rainfall Shortages Across India

印度各地天氣差異與雨量短缺分析

Jun 20, 2026, 15:32
AsiaEnvironment

Introduction

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) and its regional centers have reported different weather patterns across the country. These include local rain, changing temperatures, and significant delays in the monsoon season in several areas.

印度氣象局 (IMD) 及其區域中心報告指出，全國各地出現不同的天氣模式。其中包括局部降雨、氣溫變化，以及多個地區的季風季節明顯延遲。

Main Body

In Northwest India, the IMD predicts that conditions will become drier starting June 20, although maximum daily temperatures in Punjab and Haryana are expected to stay stable. Current data shows that rainfall is below the long-term average, with Punjab and Haryana seeing shortages of 23% and 8%, respectively. This situation is caused by a seasonal weather system extending from Punjab to Bihar and a disturbance over north Punjab. Meanwhile, Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh are expected to have widespread rain and strong winds of up to 60 kmph until June 26.

在印度西北部，IMD 預測從 6 月 20 日開始天氣將變得乾燥，儘管旁遮普邦和哈里亞納邦的最高日溫預計將保持穩定。目前的數據顯示，降雨量低於長期平均值，旁遮普邦和哈里亞納邦分別短缺 23% 和 8%。這種情況是由一個從旁遮普邦延伸至比哈爾邦的季節性天氣系統以及北旁遮普邦的一個擾動所引起。與此同時，查姆、克什米爾和拉達克預計在 6 月 26 日前將有大範圍降雨及最高時速達 60 公里的強風。

In Delhi, an orange alert was issued for thunderstorms and wind speeds between 40-50 kmph. Despite this, minimum temperatures at the Safdarjung station rose slightly. On a larger scale, the monsoon has arrived late in Maharashtra and Goa, which the IMD attributes to El Niño. Rainfall shortages are very high in central India, where the deficit has reached 67%.

在德里，當局針對雷暴和時速 40-50 公里的風速發布了橙色警報。儘管如此，薩夫達章車站的最低氣溫略有上升。從大尺度來看，馬哈拉施特拉邦和果阿邦的季風延遲抵達，IMD 將其歸因於聖嬰現象。印度中部的降雨短缺非常嚴重，赤字已達 67%。

Different patterns are appearing in the South and North. Tamil Nadu expects the start of the Southwest Monsoon, and air circulation is likely to cause heavy rain in more than ten districts, which could lower maximum temperatures by four to five degrees. Maritime warnings have been issued for the Gulf of Mannar and Comorin areas due to strong winds. At the same time, ten districts in Himachal Pradesh remain under a yellow alert for thunderstorms and lightning, although temperatures in the mountains are expected to remain steady.

南部和北部出現了不同的模式。泰米爾納德邦預計西南季風將開始，氣流可能會導致十多個地區出現豪雨，使最高氣溫下降四到五度。由於強風，曼納灣和科摩林地區已發布海事警告。與此同時，希馬恰爾邦的十個地區仍處於雷暴和閃電的黃色警報之下，儘管山區氣溫預計將保持穩定。

Conclusion

India currently has a divided weather situation, where severe rainfall shortages in the center and north contrast with the arrival of the monsoon in the south.

印度目前處於分化的天氣狀況，中部和北部的嚴重降雨短缺與南部的季風抵達形成對比。

Vocabulary Learning

⚡ The 'B2 Leap': From Simple Descriptions to Complex Cause-and-Effect

At the A2 level, you might say: "It is not raining in Punjab. The weather is bad." To reach B2, you need to connect ideas using causal links and precise descriptors. Look at how the text connects events:

🔍 The "Cause & Effect" Logic

Instead of using because for everything, the article uses sophisticated structures to explain why things happen. Notice these three patterns:

  1. The Attribute Pattern: "...which the IMD attributes to El Niño."

    • A2 way: "The IMD says El Niño caused this."
    • B2 way: Use "attribute [X] to [Y]" when you want to name the source of a problem. It sounds professional and academic.

  2. The Resultative Connection: "...air circulation is likely to cause heavy rain... which could lower maximum temperatures."

    • A2 way: "There is air circulation. Then it rains. Then it gets cold."
    • B2 way: Use a chain of events. Note the word "likely"—it shows you aren't 100% sure, which is a key B2 skill (hedging).

  3. The Contrast Bridge: "...where severe rainfall shortages... contrast with the arrival of the monsoon."

    • A2 way: "The north is dry but the south is wet."
    • B2 way: Use "contrast with" to compare two opposite situations in one elegant sentence.

🛠️ Precision Vocabulary Upgrade

Stop using 'big' or 'small'. The text uses Relative Quantifiers to be exact:

A2 WordB2 Upgrade from TextContext Example
Small changeSlightly"temperatures... rose slightly"
Big/ManyWidespread"widespread rain"
Gap/MissingDeficit / Shortage"the deficit has reached 67%"
SameStable / Steady"temperatures... remain steady"

Pro Tip: To move to B2, stop describing the world and start describing the relationship between things.

Vocabulary Learning

significant (adj.)
Large or important enough to be noticed or have an effect.
Example:There has been a significant increase in temperature over the last decade.
stable (adj.)
Not likely to change or fail; firmly established.
Example:The patient's condition remains stable after the surgery.
disturbance (n.)
An interruption of a settled state or a disruption in a weather system.
Example:The atmospheric disturbance caused unexpected thunderstorms in the region.
widespread (adj.)
Found or happening over a large area or among many people.
Example:The storm caused widespread damage across the coastal villages.
attribute (v.)
To believe that a particular person, thing, or event is the reason for something.
Example:Scientists attribute the rise in sea levels to global warming.
deficit (n.)
The amount by which something is too small; a shortage.
Example:The region is facing a severe water deficit due to the lack of rain.
circulation (n.)
The movement of air or liquid in a circular way.
Example:Poor air circulation in the room made it feel very humid.
contrast (v.)
To be strikingly different from something else in comparison.
Example:The luxury of the city center contrasts sharply with the poverty of the slums.
Practice B2 words in a crossword→