Alan Greenspan, the long-serving chair of the United States Federal Reserve, has died at the age of 100 due to complications associated with Parkinson's disease.

美國聯準會長期任職的主席艾倫·格林斯潘，因帕金森氏症相關併發症，於 100 歲時逝世。

The subject's professional trajectory was characterized by a transition from professional music and academic study at New York University and Columbia University to high-level economic consultancy and public service. His early intellectual framework was significantly influenced by the libertarian philosophy of Ayn Rand, emphasizing laissez-faire capitalism and individual self-interest. Prior to his tenure at the Federal Reserve, Greenspan served as the chair of the Council of Economic Advisers under President Gerald Ford (1974–1977), a period he later identified as foundational to his commitment to public service.

該對象的職業軌跡經歷了從紐約大學和哥倫比亞大學的專業音樂與學術研究，轉向高層經濟諮詢與公職的過渡。其早期的思想框架深受安·蘭德（Ayn Rand）自由至上主義哲學的影響，強調自由放任資本主義與個人利益。在就任聯準會之前，格林斯潘曾於傑拉德·福特總統任內（1974-1977年）擔任經濟顧問委員會主席，他後來將這段時期視為其致力於公職的基礎。

Appointed by President Ronald Reagan in 1987, Greenspan presided over the Federal Reserve for five consecutive terms, spanning four presidential administrations. His leadership was marked by the mitigation of the 1987 'Black Monday' crash and the oversight of a prolonged economic expansion from 1991 to 2001. During this era, he maintained price stability and low unemployment, theorizing that technological advancements permitted growth without triggering inflation. His communication style was noted for its deliberate ambiguity, often utilizing complex linguistic structures to manage market expectations.

格林斯潘於 1987 年由總統羅納德·雷根任命，連續五屆領導聯準會，跨越四任總統行政體系。其領導特點在於緩解了 1987 年的「黑色星期一」崩盤，並監督了 1991 年至 2001 年期間的長期經濟擴張。在此期間，他維持了物價穩定與低失業率，其理論認為技術進步使得經濟能在不觸發通貨膨脹的情況下增長。他的溝通風格以刻意模糊著稱，經常利用複雜的語言結構來管理市場預期。

Despite these achievements, the subject's legacy is subject to critical analysis regarding the 2008 financial crisis. Critics attribute the systemic collapse to his advocacy for financial deregulation, specifically the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act and the lack of oversight for derivatives. Greenspan subsequently acknowledged a conceptual error in his assumption that financial institutions would effectively self-regulate. In his later years, he continued to engage in economic analysis and advocated for the political independence of the Federal Reserve, notably criticizing executive interference in the institution's operations.

儘管取得了這些成就，該對象的遺產在 2008 年金融危機方面面臨批判性分析。批評者將系統性崩潰歸因於他對金融去管制化的倡導，特別是廢除《格拉斯-斯蒂格爾法案》以及對衍生產品缺乏監督。格林斯潘隨後承認，在假設金融機構會有效自我監管方面存在概念性錯誤。在晚年，他繼續從事經濟分析並主張聯準會的政治獨立性，特別是批評行政部門對該機構運作的干預。

Alan Greenspan leaves a complex legacy defined by an era of unprecedented economic growth and a subsequent systemic crisis resulting from deregulatory policies.

艾倫·格林斯潘留下了一份複雜的遺產，其定義為一個前所未有的經濟成長時代，以及隨後因去管制政策而導致的系統性危機。