State governments in Florida and Pennsylvania are implementing legislative measures to manage the proliferation of artificial intelligence data centers, focusing on utility cost allocation and municipal zoning authority.

佛羅里達州與賓夕法尼亞州的州政府正採取立法措施以管理人工智慧數據中心的擴張，重點在於公共事業成本分攤與市政分區權限。

The Florida administration has enacted Senate Bill 484, which mandates that large-scale AI data centers assume full responsibility for their utility expenditures. This statutory framework prohibits the transfer of infrastructure and operational costs to residential or small-business consumers. Concurrently, the state maintains a fiscal regime of sales and use tax exemptions for data center equipment and electricity. While these incentives were originally slated for expiration in 2022, they have been extended through 2025 and potentially until 2037, provided that facilities meet a capital investment threshold of $150 million and an IT load of 100 megawatts. This dual approach indicates a strategic attempt to attract high-technology investment while insulating the domestic electorate from associated energy costs.

佛羅里達州政府通過了第 484 號參議院法案，強制要求大型人工智慧數據中心需全權負責其公共事業支出。該法定框架禁止將基礎設施與營運成本轉嫁給住宅或小型企業消費者。與此同時，該州維持對數據中心設備與電費免除銷售稅與使用稅的財政制度。雖然這些優惠原定於 2022 年到期，但只要設施滿足 1.5 億美元的資本投資門檻及 100 百萬瓦的 IT 負載，優惠將延長至 2025 年，甚至可能延至 2037 年。這種雙管齊下的方式表明，州政府試圖在吸引高科技投資的同時，使本地選民免於承受相關的能源成本。

In Pennsylvania, legislative efforts are similarly focused on the mitigation of community impact. House Bill 2650 proposes the imposition of strict standards for developers seeking tax abatements, requiring evidence of clean energy procurement and the provision of regional employment. Failure to adhere to these annual assessments would necessitate the repayment of abated taxes. Furthermore, House Bill 2496 seeks to empower municipalities by permitting a 180-day moratorium on data center applications to facilitate the development of local zoning ordinances. These measures reflect a broader trend of institutional caution regarding the environmental and infrastructural strain imposed by high-density computing facilities.

在賓夕法尼亞州，立法努力同樣集中於減輕對社區的影響。第 2650 號眾議院法案建議對尋求稅務減免的開發商實施嚴格標準，要求提供採購潔淨能源與提供區域就業的證明。若未能通過這些年度評估，則必須償還已減免的稅款。此外，第 2496 號眾議院法案旨在賦權給市政單位，允許對數據中心申請實施 180 天的暫緩期，以利於制定當地分區條例。這些措施反映了機構對於高密度計算設施所造成的環境與基礎設施壓力持有較為謹慎的趨勢。

Stakeholder positioning reveals a tension between economic development and public sentiment. In Florida, local governments have initiated temporary pauses on project approvals due to concerns regarding water resources and grid capacity. This aligns with broader national trends, as indicated by Gallup data showing significant public opposition to local data center construction. Conversely, corporate entities, such as Iron Mountain, contend that tax exemptions stimulate investment without constituting a direct taxpayer subsidy, asserting that property tax contributions provide substantial community benefits.

利益相關者的立場揭示了經濟發展與公眾情緒之間的緊張關係。在佛羅里達州，由於對水資源與電網容量的擔憂，地方政府已開始暫停核准項目。這與全美趨勢一致，Gallup 的數據顯示公眾強烈反對在當地建設數據中心。相反，如 Iron Mountain 等企業實體則主張，稅務豁免是刺激投資而非構成對納稅人的直接補貼，並認為房產稅的貢獻為社區帶來了實質利益。

Both jurisdictions are currently transitioning toward more restrictive regulatory environments to balance technological expansion with consumer protection and environmental sustainability.

兩個司法管轄區目前均正向更為嚴格的監管環境過渡，以平衡技術擴張與消費者保護及環境永續性。