Spain and Portugal are currently implementing contrasting strategies regarding the regularization and acquisition of legal residency for non-EU nationals.

西班牙與葡萄牙目前在非歐盟國民的合法化與取得合法居留權方面，採取著截然不同的策略。

In Spain, the administration under Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has initiated a large-scale regularization program to grant residence and work permits to undocumented migrants. This initiative, which attracted approximately 1.2 million applicants—exceeding the initial projection of 500,000—is predicated on the assertion that immigration is essential for mitigating demographic decline and sustaining the national GDP. The administration characterized the program as a necessary recognition of rights, supported by a €500 million integration plan. However, this policy has encountered significant opposition from the People's Party and Vox, who allege that such measures constitute 'electoral engineering' and may overwhelm public services. Consequently, legal challenges have been lodged, potentially necessitating a referral to the European Court of Justice to determine compliance with EU law.

在西班牙，由總理 Pedro Sánchez 領導的政府啟動了一項大規模的合法化計畫，旨在向無文件移民發放居留與工作許可。該計畫吸引了約 120 萬名申請者，遠超最初預測的 50 萬人——其前提是移民對於緩解人口下降與維持國家 GDP 至關重要。政府將該計畫描述為對權利的必要承認，並支持以 5 億歐元的融入計畫。然而，這項政策遭到人民黨與 Vox 黨的強烈反對，他們指稱此類措施屬於「選舉工程」，並可能使公共服務不堪負荷。因此，相關法律挑戰已提出，可能需要提交至歐洲法院以判定是否符合歐盟法律。

Conversely, Portugal is experiencing systemic friction regarding its 'golden visa' program. While the program was designed to attract foreign capital through investment in exchange for residency and eventual citizenship, administrative delays have become acute. Reports indicate that processing times, legally mandated at 90 days, have averaged nearly five years. This bureaucratic stagnation is compounded by a recent legislative shift in collaboration with the Chega party, which doubled the naturalization waiting period for most non-EU citizens. The Portuguese government, represented by Secretary of State Rui Armindo de Freitas, attributed these delays to a substantial inherited backlog of applications and limited resources. In response, affected investors have initiated a petition to the Justice Ombudsperson and are preparing class-action litigation, citing a breach of the state's legal obligations.

相反地，葡萄牙在其「黃金簽證」計畫上經歷著系統性摩擦。雖然該計畫旨在透過投資吸引外國資本以換取居留權及最終公民身份，但行政延遲已變得嚴重。報告指出，法律規定的處理時間為 90 天，但實際平均已近五年。這種官僚停滯狀況因近期與 Chega 黨合作的立法變動而加劇，導致大多數非歐盟公民的入籍等待期增加了一倍。葡萄牙政府由國務秘書 Rui Armindo de Freitas 代表，將這些延遲歸咎於承接的大量積壓申請件及資源有限。對此，受影響的投資者已向司法申訴專員提交請願，並準備發起集體訴訟，指稱國家違反了法律義務。

While Spain seeks to expand its legal migrant population for economic sustainability, Portugal faces legal disputes over the failure to process existing investment-based residency applications.

西班牙尋求擴大其合法移民人口以維持經濟永續性，而葡萄牙則面臨因未能處理現有投資居留申請而引起的法律爭議。