The Vatican has excommunicated the leadership and formal adherents of the Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) after the group ordained four bishops without papal authorization.

梵蒂岡在聖庇護 X 聖庇護會（SSPX）未經教宗授權祝聖四位主教後，將該組織的領導層與正式成員處以絕罰。

The current crisis was precipitated by a ceremony conducted on Wednesday at the SSPX seminary in Écône, Switzerland, where Bishop Alfonso de Galarreta and Bishop Bernard Fellay consecrated four priests—Pascal Schreiber, Michael Goldade, Michel Poinsinet de Sivry, and Marc Hanappier. This action occurred despite a formal appeal from Pope Leo XIV, who characterized the proposed ordinations as a 'sin of extreme gravity' and a threat to ecclesial unity. In a subsequent decree issued Thursday by the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, the Holy See determined that the six bishops involved incurred 'latae sententiae' excommunication. Furthermore, the Vatican extended these sanctions to all priests and lay Catholics who formally adhere to the society, designating the group as being in a state of schism.

目前的危機是由週三在瑞士 Écône 的 SSPX 神學院舉行的儀式所觸發，當時 Alfonso de Galarreta 主教與 Bernard Fellay 主教祝聖了四位神父——Pascal Schreiber、Michael Goldade、Michel Poinsinet de Sivry 與 Marc Hanappier。儘管教宗 Leo XIV 已正式呼籲，並將擬議的祝聖定性為「極其嚴重的罪行」以及對教會統一的威脅，但此行動仍發生。在週四由信理部發出的隨後法令中，聖座認定涉事的六位主教已遭受「自動處分」（latae sententiae）的絕罰。此外，梵蒂岡將這些制裁擴大至所有正式加入該會的神父與平信徒，將該組織定為處於分裂狀態。

This rupture is rooted in historical opposition to the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). The SSPX, established in 1970 by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, rejects the Council's reforms regarding ecumenism, interreligious dialogue, and the transition from Latin to vernacular languages during the Mass. The current events mirror a 1988 confrontation in which Lefebvre similarly consecrated four bishops without the consent of Pope John Paul II. While Pope Benedict XVI remitted those excommunications in 2009 to facilitate a rapprochement, and Pope Francis later granted limited faculties for the administration of confessions and marriages, the SSPX remained canonically irregular. The current decree effectively annuls these prior concessions, rendering the society's administration of the sacraments of penance and matrimony invalid.

這次決裂根源於對第二次梵蒂岡大公會議（1962-1965）的歷史性反對。SSPX 於 1970 年由 Marcel Lefebvre 總主教成立，該會拒絕會議關於普世共融、宗教間對話，以及彌撒由拉丁文轉為方言的改革。目前的事件反映了 1988 年的對峙，當時 Lefebvre 同樣在未經教宗約翰·保祿二世同意的情況下祝聖了四位主教。雖然教宗本篤十六世於 2009 年撤銷了那些絕罰以促進和解，且教宗方濟各隨後授予了有限的權限以處理告解與結婚儀式，但 SSPX 在教會法上依然是不正規的。目前的法令實際上廢止了之前的這些讓步，導致該會執行的告解與婚姻聖事失效。

The SSPX has justified its actions by citing a 'state of necessity,' asserting that the dwindling number of its bishops necessitated new consecrations to ensure the continued spiritual governance of its global community, which comprises approximately 600,000 adherents. The society's leadership, represented by Superior General Davide Pagliarani, framed the act not as rebellion, but as a service to the Church intended to preserve traditional doctrine against perceived modern errors.

SSPX 以「必要狀態」為其行動辯護，聲稱由於主教人數減少，必須進行新的祝聖，以確保其全球約 60 萬名成員的靈性治理。該會由總長 Davide Pagliarani 代表的領導層將此行為定義為並非叛逆，而是對教會的服務，旨在防止現代錯誤以維護傳統教義。

The Vatican has now formally severed ties with the SSPX, removing its remaining legal concessions and excommunicating its members.

梵蒂岡現在已正式與 SSPX 斷絕關係，撤銷其所有剩餘的法律讓步，並將其成員處以絕罰。