A comprehensive interdisciplinary study has quantified the concurrent threats posed by climate change and the disappearance of Indigenous languages to the biological and cultural assets of the Amazon basin.

一項全面的跨學科研究量化了氣候變遷與原住民語言消失對亞馬遜盆地生物與文化資產所造成的同步威脅。

The research utilized a database of 90,536 reports to identify 5,796 native plant species utilized by human populations, representing approximately one-third of the region's vascular seed plant flora. Historical data indicates that Indigenous groups exhibit a significantly higher degree of botanical knowledge, utilizing 4,305 species compared to 1,012 species used by non-Indigenous cultures. However, a substantial proportion of this knowledge is highly localized; 74% of plant services are associated with a single culture, and 60% of these unique services are linked to languages currently classified as threatened.

該研究利用了一個包含 90,536 份報告的資料庫，鑑定出 5,796 種被人類利用的本土植物物種，約佔該地區維管種子植物區系的三分之一。歷史數據顯示，原住民群體展現出顯著較高程度的植物知識，利用了 4,305 種物種，而非法原住民文化僅利用 1,012 種。然而，很大一部分的知識具有高度局部性；74% 的植物用途與單一文化相關，且其中 60% 的獨特用途與目前被列為瀕危的語言相關。

Species distribution modeling across multiple climate scenarios (SSP1–2.6, SSP3–7.0, and SSP5–8.5) suggests that utilized plant species will experience more pronounced range contractions than non-utilized species by 2060–2080. Specifically, medicinal species are projected to be disproportionately affected. At the local level, Indigenous cultures are expected to lose between 28% and 34% of their utilized plant species, resulting in a corresponding reduction of 18% to 23% in associated plant services.

透過多種氣候情境（SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, 及 SSP5-8.5）的物種分布模型顯示，到 2060-2080 年，被利用的植物物種將經歷比未被利用物種更顯著的分布範圍縮減。具體而言，藥用植物預計將受到不成比例的影響。在地方層面，原住民文化預計將失去 28% 至 34% 的利用植物物種，導致相關植物用途相應減少 18% 至 23%。

Furthermore, the study addresses the risk of linguistic attrition. Given that a significant volume of ethnobotanical knowledge is linguistically unique, the extinction of threatened Indigenous languages could precipitate a 26% reduction in the regional knowledge pool. This figure may be an underestimate; if reports from non-specified languages are attributed to threatened groups, the projected loss of the knowledge metaweb increases to 61%. The researchers note that these projections are conservative, as they do not account for synergistic stressors such as deforestation, mining, or extreme climatic events.

此外，研究探討了語言流失的風險。鑑於大量民族植物學知識在語言上具有獨特性，瀕危原住民語言的滅絕可能會導致區域知識庫減少 26%。此數據可能被低估；若將未指定語言的報告歸因於瀕危群體，預計知識元網（knowledge metaweb）的損失將增加至 61%。研究人員指出，這些預測較為保守，因為尚未將森林砍伐、採礦或極端氣候事件等協同壓力因素納入考量。

The Amazonian biocultural heritage faces a dual threat from ecological range loss and linguistic extinction, necessitating integrated Pan-Amazonian conservation strategies.

亞馬遜生物文化遺產面臨生態分布喪失與語言滅絕的雙重威脅，因此需要採取整合的泛亞馬遜保護策略。