The United States and Iran have engaged in a series of reciprocal military strikes following a dispute over maritime navigation rights and the operational status of the Strait of Hormuz.

美國與伊朗在海事航行權與霍爾木茲海峽運作狀態產生爭議後，展開了一系列相互的軍事打擊。

The current escalation commenced after the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) targeted the M/V GFS Galaxy, a Cyprus-flagged container vessel, alleging the ship utilized an unauthorized transit route and disabled its tracking systems. This incident resulted in significant engine room damage and the disappearance of one Indian crew member. In response, the United States Central Command (CENTCOM), acting under presidential directive, executed a third wave of airstrikes within one week, neutralizing approximately 140 targets. These targets primarily comprised missile and drone launch sites, coastal surveillance infrastructure, and ammunition depots across southern Iran, including locations in Bandar Abbas, Sirik, and Qeshm Island.

此次升級始於伊朗伊斯蘭革命衛隊（IRGC）攻擊一艘掛塞浦路斯旗的貨櫃船 M/V GFS Galaxy，指稱該船使用了未經授權的轉運路線並關閉了追蹤系統。此事件導致機房嚴重受損，且一名印度船員失蹤。作為回應，美國中央司令部（CENTCOM）根據總統指令，在一週內執行了第三波空襲，摧毀約 140 個目標。這些目標主要包括伊朗南部的飛彈與無人機發射場、海岸監控設施及彈藥庫，涵蓋班德利阿巴斯、西里克與蓋姆島等地。

Tehran subsequently initiated retaliatory operations against U.S. military installations in several partner nations. The IRGC claimed the destruction of command-and-control centers and MQ-9 drone hangars at Prince Hassan Air Base in Jordan, as well as the neutralization of refueling platforms at the Port of Duqm in Oman. Additionally, ballistic missiles and drones were directed toward facilities in Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait. While the United Arab Emirates and Qatar reported the successful interception of these projectiles, Kuwait confirmed damage to northern border posts and an offshore oil platform.

德黑蘭隨後針對美國在數個夥伴國家的軍事設施發起報復行動。革命衛隊聲稱摧毀了約旦哈桑王子空軍基地的指揮與控制中心及 MQ-9 無人機機庫，以及阿曼杜庫姆港的加油平台。此外，飛彈與無人機被導向卡達、巴林與科威特的設施。儘管阿拉伯聯合大公國與卡達報告成功攔截這些飛彈，但科威特確認其北邊境哨所及一座離岸石油平台受損。

This volatility occurs amidst the apparent collapse of a June 17 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) intended to facilitate a permanent cessation of hostilities. A primary point of contention is the administration of the Strait of Hormuz; Iran asserts that transit must adhere to its specific arrangements and has declared the waterway closed until U.S. intervention ceases. Conversely, the U.S. administration maintains that the strait remains an international waterway open to lawful transit. Diplomatic efforts led by Oman, Pakistan, and Qatar have attempted to mediate a rapprochement, with Omani proposals suggesting a bifurcated transit system to balance Iranian sovereignty with international freedom of navigation. However, internal Iranian political instability—characterized by the succession of Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei and competing hardline factions—has further complicated the diplomatic landscape.

此次動盪發生在 6 月 17 日旨在促進永久停止敵對行動的諒解備忘錄（MoU）顯然崩潰之際。主要爭論焦點為霍爾木茲海峽的管理權；伊朗主張航行必須遵守其特定安排，並宣布在美國停止干預前該水道關閉。相反，美國政府堅持該海峽仍為開放合法航行的國際水道。由阿曼、巴基斯坦與卡達領導的外交努力嘗試促成和解，阿曼的提案建議建立分叉航行系統，以平衡伊朗主權與國際航行自由。然而，伊朗內部的政治不穩定——以最高領袖穆賈塔巴·哈梅內伊的繼任及競爭的強硬派派系為特徵——使外交局面更加複雜。

The region remains in a state of high alert as both the U.S. and Iran maintain contradictory positions on the accessibility of the Strait of Hormuz.

由於美國與伊朗在霍爾木茲海峽的可進入性問題上持有矛盾立場，該地區仍處於高度警戒狀態。