Recent aerial bombardments conducted by Nigerian and Chadian forces have resulted in significant civilian fatalities, prompting international demands for independent investigations.

近期由尼日利亞與乍得軍方進行的空中轟炸造成嚴重平民傷亡，促使國際社會要求進行獨立調查。

The current security landscape in northern Nigeria is characterized by a proliferation of non-state armed actors, including the Boko Haram insurgency and various bandit groups. These entities frequently utilize mobile tactics, blending into rural populations and utilizing civilians as human shields, which complicates the precision of kinetic operations. On May 10, an airstrike targeting a market in Tumfa, Zamfara state, reportedly resulted in the deaths of approximately 72 to 117 individuals. While Amnesty International and local witnesses assert that a substantial proportion of the casualties were non-combatants, including women and children, the Nigerian military, via Major General Michael Onoja, maintains that there is no verifiable evidence of civilian deaths and asserts that the operation targeted high-level militant leadership.

目前尼日利亞北部的安全局勢特點是大量非國家武裝勢力的激增，包括博科哈拉姆反政府軍及各種匪徒集團。這些實體經常採取機動戰術，混入農村人口中並將平民作為人肉盾牌，這增加了精確打擊行動的複雜性。5月10日，一次針對贊法拉州Tumfa市集的一場空襲，據報導致約72至117人死亡。儘管國際特赦組織和當地目擊者聲稱，傷亡者中有很大比例是非戰鬥人員，包括婦女和兒童，但尼日利亞軍方透過Michael Onoja少將維持主張，認為沒有可核實的平民死亡證據，並堅稱該行動目標為高層激進分子領袖。

Concurrent operations by Chadian aircraft in the marshlands shared with Nigeria, Cameroon, and Niger have similarly resulted in reports of civilian casualties among fishing communities. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Turk, has formally requested impartial inquiries into these incidents, emphasizing the necessity of adherence to international humanitarian law. Historically, the Nigerian military has faced criticism for systemic intelligence failures and insufficient coordination between ground and air assets, with SBM Intelligence reporting over 500 civilian deaths from airstrikes since 2017. Despite institutional claims of improving human rights records and the rare prosecution of personnel in 2024, analysts suggest that a lack of transparency in investigative reports and inadequate investment in targeting technology persist as primary impediments to the reduction of collateral damage.

與此同時，乍得飛機在與尼日利亞、喀麥隆及尼日邊境共用的沼澤地進行的行動，同樣導致漁業社區出現平民傷亡報告。聯合國人權高級專員Volker Turk已正式要求對這些事件進行公正調查，並強調遵守國際人道法的必要性。從歷史上看，尼日利亞軍方因系統性情報失敗以及地面與空中資產協調不足而面臨批評，SBM Intelligence報告稱自2017年以來，空襲已導致超過500名平民死亡。儘管官方聲稱人權記錄有所改善，且在2024年罕見地起訴了相關人員，但分析師指出，調查報告缺乏透明度以及對定位技術投資不足，仍是減少附帶損害的主要障礙。

The Nigerian government continues to deny widespread civilian casualties while facing increasing pressure from international bodies to ensure accountability and operational precision.

尼日利亞政府繼續否認大規模平民傷亡，同時面臨來自國際組織日益增加的壓力，要求確保問責制與操作精準度。