The International Energy Agency (IEA) has reported that methane emissions from the fossil fuel sector remained at near-record levels in 2025, coinciding with a global push by G7 nations to accelerate abatement efforts.

國際能源總署 (IEA) 報告指出，2025 年化石燃料部門的甲烷排放量維持在接近紀錄的高位，與此同時，G7 國家正全球推動加速減排工作。

The IEA's Global Methane Tracker 2026 indicates that fossil fuel operations—comprising oil, coal, and natural gas—account for approximately 35% of anthropogenic methane emissions, totaling 124 million tonnes (Mt) annually. Specifically, oil contributed 45 Mt, coal 43 Mt, and natural gas 36 Mt. The report identifies a significant implementation gap, noting that emissions remain elevated despite the existence of proven mitigation pathways. The ten largest emitters, led by China, the United States, and Russia, are responsible for over 85 Mt of these emissions. In Australia, a discrepancy exists between official government data (0.82 Mt) and IEA satellite-derived estimates (1.7 Mt) regarding coalmine emissions, suggesting a systemic under-reporting of methane discharges.

IEA 的《2026年全球甲烷追蹤報告》指出，化石燃料營運（包括石油、煤炭和天然氣）約佔人為甲烷排放量的 35%，每年總計 1.24 億噸 (Mt)。具體而言，石油貢獻 45 Mt，煤炭 43 Mt，天然氣 36 Mt。報告指出存在顯著的執行差距，提到儘管已有證實有效的緩解路徑，但排放量依然高企。由中國、美國和俄羅斯領導的十大排放國，負責了其中 85 Mt 以上的排放量。在澳洲，政府官方數據 (0.82 Mt) 與 IEA 衛星推算的估計值 (1.7 Mt) 在煤礦排放量上存在差異，顯示甲烷排放量存在系統性低報。

Geopolitical instability has intensified the nexus between methane abatement and energy security. The conflict between the United States, Israel, and Iran resulted in the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, disrupting approximately 20% of global liquefied natural gas (LNG) flows. This supply contraction has incentivized a shift toward coal in certain regions; for instance, India has increased coal-fired power generation to meet surging demand during heatwaves and to compensate for the economic unviability of imported gas. The IEA posits that the implementation of leak detection and repair (LDAR) and the elimination of non-emergency flaring could recover up to 200 billion cubic metres (bcm) of natural gas annually, potentially offsetting the losses incurred by the closure of the Strait.

地緣政治不穩定加劇了甲烷減排與能源安全之間的關聯。美國、以色列與伊朗之間的衝突導致霍爾木茲海峽關閉，中斷了全球約 20% 的液化天然氣 (LNG) 流量。這種供應縮減促使某些地區轉向使用煤炭；例如，印度在熱浪期間增加了煤電發電，以滿足激增的需求，並補償進口天然氣在經濟上的不可行性。IEA 認為，實施洩漏檢測與修復 (LDAR) 並消除非緊急火炬燃燒，每年可回收高達 2,000 億立方米 (bcm) 的天然氣，潛在地抵銷海峽關閉所造成的損失。

Diplomatic efforts to address these trends were highlighted by France's G7 presidency, which convened stakeholders in Paris on May 4, 2026, to generate momentum for the COP31 summit. While the Global Methane Pledge seeks a 30% reduction in emissions by 2030, French Minister Monique Barbut characterized the current progress as insufficient. The energy sector is identified as the most cost-effective area for rapid reduction compared to agriculture and waste management, primarily through the deployment of vapor-recovery units and the electrification of emitting equipment.

法國在擔任 G7 主席期間突顯了應對這些趨勢的外交努力，於 2026 年 5 月 4 日在巴黎召集利益相關者，為 COP31 峰會創造動能。儘管《全球甲烷承諾》目標是在 2030 年前減排 30%，但法國部長 Monique Barbut 認為目前的進展不足。與農業和廢棄物管理相比，能源部門被視為快速減排最具成本效益的領域，主要透過部署蒸汽回收單元和排放設備的電氣化來實現。

Global methane emissions from energy production remain critically high, though strategic abatement offers a dual opportunity to mitigate near-term warming and stabilize energy markets amid geopolitical volatility.

能源生產造成的全球甲烷排放量依然維持在危險的高位，但策略性減排提供了雙重機會，既能緩解短期暖化，也能在地緣政治動盪中穩定能源市場。