The Supreme Court of India has issued rulings and notices concerning three distinct public interest litigations involving professional quotas for women lawyers, the administration of Sikh heritage sites, and the inclusion of caste data in the 2027 Census.

印度最高法院已就三起不同的公益訴訟發布裁決與通知，涉及女性律師的專業配額、錫克教遺產地的管理，以及在 2027 年人口普查中納入種姓數據。

Regarding the professional advancement of female legal practitioners, the Court issued notices to the Union and state governments following a petition by the Ladli Foundation Trust. The petitioner posits that a 30 per cent reservation in government law officer posts is requisite to mitigate structural impediments. It is argued that the historical absence of women in roles such as Attorney General or Solicitor General restricts their elevation to the judiciary, as these positions frequently serve as conduits for judicial appointments. Statistical evidence cited indicates that women constitute approximately 15.31 per cent of the legal workforce, with a significant majority of large states failing to meet a 30 per cent threshold for panel lawyers. Concurrently, the Bar Council of India has sought authorization to co-opt high-polling female candidates to increase representation in State Bar Councils to 30 per cent.

關於女性法律從業人員的專業晉升，法院在 Ladli Foundation Trust 提出請願後，向聯邦與州政府發出通知。請願者認為，政府法律官員職位需有 30% 的保留名額，才能緩解結構性障礙。其主張歷史上女性缺乏如總檢察長或律政司長等角色，限制了其晉升至司法部門，因為這些職位通常是司法任命的跳板。引用的統計數據顯示，女性約佔法律勞動力的 15.31%，且絕大多數大州未能達到法律顧問名單 30% 的門檻。同時，印度律師協會已尋求授權，擬透過委任高票女性候選人，將州律師協會的代表比例提升至 30%。

In a separate matter concerning the regulation of Sikh religious and heritage properties, the Court declined to intervene in a request for the establishment of a National Khalsayi Sikh Heritage Protection Authority. The Bench determined that the requested mandates—including comprehensive inventories and audits by the Comptroller and Auditor General—pertain to the legislative domain. The petitioner was directed to seek redress through the Committee on Petitions of Parliament, as judicial intervention would constitute an inappropriate interference in religious administration.

在另一宗關於監管錫克教宗教與遺產財產的案件中，法院拒絕干預成立「國家 Khalsayi 錫克教遺產保護局」的要求。法官組認定，所要求的權限——包括由審計長進行全面清單盤點與審計——屬於立法領域。請願者被指示透過議會請願委員會尋求救濟，因為司法干預將構成對宗教管理的適當干涉。

Finally, the Court dismissed a challenge to the Union Government's decision to implement caste enumeration during the 2027 Census. The petitioner expressed concerns regarding the potential for data misuse by political or corporate entities. However, the Court maintained that the determination of census parameters is a matter of executive policy. The Bench asserted that such data collection is instrumental for the formulation of welfare measures for backward classes, thereby affirming the government's prerogative under the Census Act, 1948.

最後，法院駁回了對聯邦政府在 2027 年人口普查中實施種姓統計決定的挑戰。請願者對政治或企業實體可能濫用數據表示擔憂。然而，法院堅持認為，確定人口普查參數屬於行政政策問題。法官組主張，此類數據收集對於制定後進階層的福利措施至關重要，從而肯定了政府在 1948 年《人口普查法》下的特權。

The Court has initiated a review of gender-based quotas in legal appointments while deferring matters of religious property management and census methodology to the legislative and executive branches, respectively.

法院已啟動對法律任命中基於性別配額的審查，而宗教財產管理與人口普查方法則分別遞交至立法與行政部門處理。