Multilateral Condemnation of Israeli Activities at the Al-Aqsa Mosque Complex

多國共同譴責以色列在阿克薩清真寺建築群的活動

Jun 2, 2026, 16:08
Middle EastInternational

Introduction

A coalition of predominantly Muslim-majority nations and Malaysia have issued formal denunciations regarding recent incursions into the Al-Aqsa Mosque by Israeli settlers.

一個主要由穆斯林國家組成的聯盟與馬來西亞，已就近期以色列定居者闖入阿克薩清真寺一事發出正式譴責。

Main Body

The diplomatic friction centers on the entry of Israeli settlers into the Al-Aqsa Mosque under the aegis of security forces, an activity that included the deployment of the Israeli national flag and the performance of specific rituals. A collective of foreign ministers—representing Türkiye, the UAE, Indonesia, Qatar, Egypt, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan—asserted that such actions constitute a breach of international law and UN resolutions. This position is augmented by the Malaysian Foreign Ministry, which characterized the attempts to alter the religious character of the site as a desecration.

外交衝突的核心在於以色列定居者在安全部隊的掩護下進入阿克薩清真寺，其中包括部署以色列國旗及執行特定儀式。由土耳其、阿聯酋、印尼、卡達、埃及、巴基斯坦、沙烏地阿拉伯及約旦外長組成的集體聲明主張，此類行為構成了對國際法及聯合國決議的違反。馬來西亞外交部亦強化了這一立場，將企圖改變該地宗教性質的行為描述為褻瀆。

Regarding the administrative framework of the site, the signatory nations emphasized the exclusive jurisdiction of the Jerusalem Awqaf and the Al-Aqsa Mosque Affairs Department, under the Jordanian Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs, while acknowledging the Hashemite custodianship. The geopolitical discourse further underscores a commitment to the two-state solution. The involved parties maintain that the realization of Palestinian national rights necessitates the establishment of a sovereign state based on 1967 borders, with East Jerusalem designated as its capital. This stance is predicated on the rejection of the 1980 annexation and the 1967 occupation of the city.

關於該地的行政框架，簽署國強調耶路撒冷伊斯蘭教產權局（Jerusalem Awqaf）與阿克薩清真寺事務局（均隸屬約旦宗教與伊斯蘭事務部）擁有獨家管轄權，同時承認哈希姆王朝的監護權。地緣政治論述進一步強調對「兩國方案」的承諾。相關方堅持認為，實現巴勒斯坦民族權利的前提是建立一個基於1967年邊界的主權國家，並將東耶路撒冷定為其首都。這一立場是基於拒絕1980年的併吞及1967年對該市的佔領。

Conclusion

The international community is urged to implement concrete measures to ensure the preservation of the status quo and the cessation of escalatory practices in East Jerusalem.

促請國際社會採取具體措施，確保維持現狀並停止在東耶路撒冷採取激化局勢的行為。

Vocabulary Learning

The Architecture of Diplomatic Nominalization

To transition from B2 to C2, a student must move beyond describing actions and begin constructing states of being. The provided text is a masterclass in Nominalization—the process of turning verbs (actions) into nouns (concepts) to achieve an impersonal, objective, and authoritative tone.

◈ The Morphological Shift

Observe how the text replaces active, agent-driven clauses with abstract noun phrases:

  • Instead of: "Countries condemned..." →\rightarrow "Multilateral Condemnation"
  • Instead of: "They are frictions in diplomacy..." →\rightarrow "The diplomatic friction centers on..."
  • Instead of: "They realized Palestinian rights..." →\rightarrow "The realization of Palestinian national rights..."

◈ Why this signals C2 Mastery

At the B2 level, writers rely on Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) structures. While grammatically correct, this often sounds too narrative or 'story-like' for high-level geopolitical discourse. C2 proficiency requires the ability to de-center the agent. By using nominalization, the writer shifts the focus from who is doing the action to the concept of the action itself. This creates a 'frozen' register—the hallmarks of legal and diplomatic prose.

◈ Semantic Precision via Prepositional Anchoring

Notice the sophisticated pairing of these nouns with specific prepositions to create complex logical links without using basic conjunctions (like 'because' or 'so'):

  1. "...under the aegis of...": A high-level alternative to 'supported by' or 'protected by'.
  2. "...predicated on...": Rather than saying 'based on' or 'because of', predicated implies a formal logical foundation.
  3. "...constitute a breach of...": A precise legal colocation replacing the simpler 'is a break in'.

C2 Heuristic: When drafting formal reports, identify your primary verbs. Convert the most critical action into a noun (e.g., implement →\rightarrow implementation) and re-anchor the sentence. This elevates the text from 'reporting' to 'analysis'.

Vocabulary Learning

denunciations (n.)
Formal statements of disapproval or condemnation
Example:The UN issued denunciations against the new policy.
incursions (n.)
Unauthorized or forceful entries into a place or area
Example:The incursions into the wildlife reserve were heavily criticized.
aegis (n.)
Protection, sponsorship, or support from an authority
Example:The project was launched under the aegis of the World Health Organization.
deployment (n.)
The positioning or arrangement of troops or resources
Example:The deployment of troops was announced yesterday.
rituals (n.)
Ceremonial acts performed according to tradition
Example:The religious rituals were performed with great reverence.
collective (adj.)
Shared or common to all members of a group
Example:The collective decision was unanimous.
asserted (v.)
Claimed or declared with confidence
Example:She asserted her right to speak.
breach (n.)
Violation or breaking of a law or agreement
Example:The breach of contract led to legal action.
augmented (adj.)
Increased or enhanced in size or value
Example:The augmented budget allowed for more projects.
desecration (n.)
Violation or profanation of something sacred
Example:The vandalism was seen as a desecration of the monument.
administrative (adj.)
Relating to the organization and management of an institution
Example:The administrative procedures were lengthy.
exclusive (adj.)
Limited to a particular group or person; not shared
Example:The club offers exclusive benefits to members.
jurisdiction (n.)
Legal authority to make decisions and enforce laws over a specific area
Example:The court's jurisdiction covers the entire state.
custodianship (n.)
The role of guarding or preserving something
Example:The museum's custodianship ensures the artifacts' safety.
geopolitical (adj.)
Relating to the influence of geography on politics and international relations
Example:The geopolitical tensions escalated after the summit.
discourse (n.)
A written or spoken discussion on a particular topic
Example:The academic discourse on climate change is extensive.
underscores (v.)
Emphasizes or highlights something
Example:The data underscores the need for reform.
commitment (n.)
A pledge or dedication to a cause or task
Example:Her commitment to the cause was unwavering.
two-state (adj.)
Involving or pertaining to two separate states
Example:The two-state solution was proposed to end the conflict.
realization (n.)
The act of making something real or actualizing a plan
Example:The realization of the project took five years.
necessitates (v.)
Requires or makes necessary
Example:The plan necessitates additional funding.
establishment (n.)
The act of creating or founding an organization or institution
Example:The establishment of the new agency was celebrated.
sovereign (adj.)
Having full power or authority; independent
Example:The sovereign nation signed the treaty.
predicated (v.)
Based on or founded upon
Example:The policy is predicated on scientific evidence.
rejection (n.)
The act of refusing or dismissing something
Example:The rejection of the proposal shocked the board.
annexation (n.)
The incorporation of a territory into another state
Example:The annexation of the region was disputed.
occupation (n.)
Control or possession of a place by force or authority
Example:The occupation lasted for several years.
implement (v.)
To carry out or put into effect
Example:They will implement the new regulations next month.
concrete (adj.)
Tangible, specific, or definite rather than abstract
Example:The plan includes concrete steps.
preservation (n.)
The act of maintaining or protecting something
Example:The preservation of the library is essential.
status quo (n.)
The existing state of affairs; current condition
Example:The agreement preserves the status quo.
cessation (n.)
The act of stopping or ending something
Example:The cessation of hostilities was welcomed.
escalatory (adj.)
Tending to increase intensity or severity, especially in conflict
Example:The escalatory remarks fueled the conflict.
Practice C2 words in a crossword→