The United Kingdom government has presented the National Security (State Threats) Bill to Parliament, aiming to criminalize the support of organizations acting as proxies for hostile foreign states.

英國政府已向議會提交《國家安全（國家威脅）法案》，旨在將支持充當敵對外國代理組織的行為定為刑事犯罪。

The proposed legislation seeks to address a perceived deficiency in the National Security Act 2023, which primarily targeted foreign intelligence services. According to the government's Independent Reviewer of State Threats Legislation, Jonathan Hall KC, the designation of state-linked entities as terrorist organizations has proven problematic. Consequently, the new bill empowers the Home Secretary to designate organizations engaged in 'foreign power threat activity'—including sabotage, surveillance, and assassination attempts—as national security threats. This framework would establish three new criminal offenses: the support of a designated state threat organization, the provision of assistance to such groups, and the acceptance of material benefits from them. Individuals convicted of arson or criminal damage commissioned by these proxies may face custodial sentences of up to 14 years.

擬議中的立法旨在解決 2023 年《國家安全法》中被視為不足之處，該法主要針對外國情報部門。根據政府的國家威脅立法獨立審查員 Jonathan Hall KC 表示，將與國家有關聯的實體指定為恐怖組織已被證明存在困難。因此，新法案授權內政大臣將參與「外國權力威脅活動」——包括破壞、監視及暗殺企圖——的組織指定為國家安全威脅。此框架將建立三項新刑事罪行：支持被指定的國家威脅組織、向此類組織提供援助，以及從中獲取物質利益。被判定受此類代理指使而犯下縱火或刑事毀損罪的個人，最高可面臨 14 年監禁。

This legislative shift is predicated on an observed increase in the utilization of criminal intermediaries by states such as Russia and Iran to execute operations within the West. Evidence cited includes the employment of mercenaries by the Wagner Group and the activities of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). Specifically, the US Department of Justice has alleged that Harakat Ashab al-Yamin al-Islamiya (HAYI), which has claimed responsibility for attacks on Jewish targets in Europe and the UK, serves as a front for Kata’ib Hezbollah, an Iranian proxy. The bill stipulates that perpetrators may be held liable if they reasonably should have known a hostile state was the ultimate architect of the operation, regardless of whether the specific commissioning entity was identified.

此次立法轉向是基於觀察到俄羅斯和伊朗等國家增加利用刑事中間人在西方執行行動。引用的證據包括瓦格納集團 (Wagner Group) 僱用僱傭兵，以及伊斯蘭革命衛隊 (IRGC) 的活動。具體而言，美國司法部指稱「伊斯蘭右翼之友」 (HAYI) —— 該組織聲稱對歐洲及英國針對猶太目標的襲擊負責 —— 是伊朗代理人「真主黨旅」 (Kata’ib Hezbollah) 的掩護組織。法案規定，如果行為人理應知道敵對國家是該行動的最終策劃者，無論具體指使實體是否被識別，其均可能被追究責任。

Institutional data underscores the urgency of these measures. MI5 reports a 35 percent increase in state threat investigations over the previous year, including the tracking of over 20 potentially lethal plots attributed to Iranian backing. The government anticipates that ten or fewer organizations will be designated under the new powers during the first year of implementation. The fast-tracking of this bill follows a series of violent incidents, including attacks on Jewish businesses and ambulances, and a stabbing in south London, although the latter was not definitively linked to state commissioning.

機構數據強調了這些措施的緊迫性。MI5 報告稱，國家威脅調查在過去一年增加了 35%，包括追蹤 20 多個被認為由伊朗支持的潛在致命陰謀。政府預計，在實施的第一年，將有 10 個或更少組織根據新權限被指定。該法案的快速推進是在一系列暴力事件之後，包括對猶太企業和救護車的襲擊，以及南倫敦的一起刺擊案，儘管後者尚未被明確證實與國家指使有關。

The National Security (State Threats) Bill may be enacted as early as next month, providing the state with enhanced legal mechanisms to penalize the use of criminal proxies by foreign powers.

《國家安全（國家威脅）法案》最早可能於下個月頒布，為國家提供強化的法律機制以懲罰外國權力利用刑事代理的行為。