On August 10, 2025, a massive landslide in Alaska's Tracy Arm Fjord generated the second-highest tsunami ever recorded, resulting in significant topographical alteration but no human casualties.

2025 年 8 月 10 日，阿拉斯加 Tracy Arm Fjord 發生大規模山崩，產生了有紀錄以來第二高的海嘯，導致地形顯著改變，但無造成人員傷亡。

The event commenced at approximately 05:26 local time when an estimated 64 million cubic meters of rock collapsed 1,000 vertical meters into the fjord. This displacement of mass produced a wave with a maximum run-up of 481 meters, which stripped vegetation from the fjord walls and initiated a seiche that persisted for 36 hours. Seismic data indicated the event was equivalent to a 5.4 magnitude earthquake.

此次事件始於當地時間約 05:26，當時估計約 6,400 萬立方公尺的岩石從 1,000 公尺的高度崩塌進入峽灣。這次質量的位移產生了最大沖高 481 公尺的波浪，將峽灣牆上的植被剝離，並引發了持續 36 小時的慣性波（seiche）。地震數據顯示，此次事件相當於 5.4 級地震。

Geomorphological analysis attributes the slope failure to the rapid retreat of the South Sawyer Glacier. The recession of the ice, which had thinned and retreated over 10 kilometers over recent decades, removed the structural buttressing of the adjacent mountain wall. Researchers posit that anthropogenic climate change has accelerated this deglaciation, thereby increasing the frequency of such geological instabilities across Arctic regions, including Greenland and Norway.

地貌分析將山坡失效歸因於 South Sawyer Glacier 的快速退縮。近數十年來，冰層變薄並退縮超過 10 公里，移除了相鄰山牆的結構支撐。研究人員認為，人為氣候變化加速了這種冰川消融，從而增加了包括格陵蘭和挪威在內的北極地區此類地質不穩定事件的發生頻率。

Stakeholder positioning reveals a critical near-miss scenario; the timing of the collapse occurred during a period of low marine traffic. While the National Geographic Venture and other vessels were in the vicinity, their distance from the epicenter precluded catastrophic outcomes. However, the potential for future casualties is deemed high given the increasing volume of cruise tourism in these corridors. Consequently, several cruise operators have since ceased navigation within Tracy Arm.

利益相關者的分析揭示了一次嚴重的險象環生情況；崩塌發生時正值海運交通低谷期。儘管 National Geographic Venture 及其他船隻位於附近，但因與震央有一定距離，避免了災難性後果。然而，鑑於這些航道中郵輪觀光量增加，未來造成傷亡的可能性被認為很高。因此，數家郵輪業者已停止在 Tracy Arm 內航行。

Scientific findings suggest that the disaster was preceded by a week of low-magnitude seismic tremors and a transition to seismic 'hum.' The authors of the study in Science argue that the implementation of a tiered alert system—utilizing meteorological and geophysical monitoring—could facilitate the issuance of warnings to maritime traffic and coastal inhabitants, mitigating the risks associated with these high-energy events.

科學發現表明，災難發生前一週出現了低震級的地震顫動，並轉向地震「嗡鳴聲」。發表在《科學》雜誌上的研究作者認為，實施一套利用氣象和地球物理監測的分級警報系統，將有助於向海運交通和沿海居民發出警告，降低此類高能量事件相關的風險。

The Tracy Arm event underscores the escalating risk of landslide-generated tsunamis driven by glacial retreat, necessitating the development of systematic monitoring and early warning frameworks.

Tracy Arm 事件凸顯了由冰川退縮驅動的山崩海嘯風險日益增加，因此有必要開發系統化的監測與預警框架。