The UK left the European Union ten years ago. Now, the country has many problems with money and politics.

英國在十年前離開了歐盟。現在，這個國家在金錢和政治方面有許多問題。

The economy is smaller. Businesses invest less money. Farmers and fishermen pay more to sell their goods. Car companies have fewer customers.

經濟規模縮小了。企業投資減少了。農民和漁民銷售貨品需支付更多費用。汽車公司失去部分客戶。

Politics are not stable. The UK had six leaders in seven years. New political groups are now more popular. Many people are unhappy with the government.

政治並不穩定。英國在七年內經歷了六任領導人。現在新的政治團體更受歡迎。許多人對政府感到不滿。

The EU and the UK both lost something. The EU says the UK must follow EU rules to work together again. Some other EU countries also have political problems now.

歐盟和英國雙方都有所損失。歐盟表示英國必須遵守歐盟規則才能再次合作。現在其他部分歐盟國家也面臨政治問題。

The UK is still changing. Many people now think leaving the EU was a mistake.

英國仍在改變中。現在許多人認為離開歐盟是一個錯誤。

Ten years after the 2016 referendum, the United Kingdom is still dealing with the economic and structural results of leaving the European Union. This period has been defined by political instability and a rethink of the original goals of the 'Leave' campaign.

在2016年公投十年後，英國仍在處理離開歐盟後的經濟與結構性結果。這段時期以政治不穩定以及對「脫歐」陣營最初目標的重新思考為特徵。

The economic impact of leaving the EU is clear, with the GDP estimated to be 6% to 8% lower than expected and a drop in business investment. Specifically, the fishing and farming industries in Devon and Scotland have suffered because export costs have risen and promised fishing opportunities did not materialize. Furthermore, the automotive industry has seen less investment because it no longer has free access to the single market. These problems are made worse by the fact that immigration levels remain high, which has led to increased public disappointment.

離開歐盟的經濟影響顯而易見，GDP 估計比預期低 6% 到 8%，且企業投資下降。具體而言，德文郡與蘇格蘭的漁業與農業深受打擊，因為出口成本上升，且承諾的漁業機會未能實現。此外，汽車工業的投資減少，因為不再能自由進入單一市場。由於移民人數依然高企，導致公眾失望增加，使這些問題更加惡化。

Politically, the UK has experienced great instability, with six prime ministers in just seven years. Sir Keir Starmer tried to start a 'Brexit-reset' to stop economic stagnation; however, his government faced several policy changes and scandals. Meanwhile, the rise of Reform UK, led by Nigel Farage, has divided the political scene. This shift caused the Conservative Party to lose power in key areas and encouraged the growth of Welsh nationalism through Plaid Cymru.

政治上，英國經歷了巨大的不穩定，短短七年內就換了六位首相。基爾·斯塔默爵士試圖啟動「脫歐重啟」以停止經濟停滯；然而，他的政府面臨多次政策變更與醜聞。與此同時，由奈傑·法拉吉領導的英國改革黨崛起，撕裂了政治局面。這一轉變導致保守黨在關鍵地區失去權力，並鼓勵了透過威爾士黨發展的威爾士民族主義。

From the European Union's perspective, Brexit is seen as a 'lose-lose' situation. Although the EU has protected its single market, officials like Michel Barnier emphasized that any closer relationship depends on the UK following EU rules. Additionally, the EU is facing its own problems, as populist parties are becoming more popular in France and Germany, which could make future negotiations more difficult.

從歐盟的角度來看，脫歐被視為一個「雙輸」局面。雖然歐盟保護了其單一市場，但如米歇爾·巴尼耶等官員強調，任何更緊密的關係都取決於英國是否遵守歐盟規則。此外，歐盟也面臨自身問題，因為民粹主義政黨在法國與德國日益盛行，這可能使未來的談判更加困難。

The United Kingdom is still in a period of economic and political change. Many people now regret the referendum, and it remains unclear if the UK will seek closer integration with the EU in the future.

英國目前仍處於經濟與政治的變革期。許多人現在對當年的公投感到後悔，而英國未來是否會追求與歐盟更緊密的整合，目前仍不清楚。

Ten years after the 2016 referendum, the United Kingdom continues to navigate the structural and economic consequences of its withdrawal from the European Union, characterized by political volatility and a reassessment of the initial objectives of the 'Leave' campaign.

在2016年公投十年後，英國仍持續應對退出歐盟所帶來的結構性與經濟後果，其特點是政治動盪以及對「脫歐」陣營最初目標的重新評估。

The economic repercussions of the withdrawal are evidenced by significant reductions in gross domestic product, estimated between 6% and 8%, and a decline in business investment. Sectoral analysis reveals acute distress in the fishing and agricultural industries; operators in Devon and Scotland report substantial increases in export costs and the failure of promised increases in fishing opportunities. Furthermore, the automotive sector has experienced diminished investment due to the loss of unfettered access to the single market. These systemic frictions are compounded by a failure to realize promised immigration controls, with net inward migration remaining high, thereby exacerbating public dissatisfaction.

脫歐的經濟影響顯而易見，國內生產總值（GDP）估計減少了6%至8%，且企業投資下降。產業分析顯示，漁業與農業陷入嚴重困境；德文郡與蘇格蘭的經營者報告出口成本大幅增加，且承諾增加漁業機會的方案未能實現。此外，汽車產業因失去自由進入單一市場的權利，導致投資減少。這些系統性摩擦因未能實現承諾的移民管制而加劇，淨遷入人口維持高位，進而加深了公眾的不滿。

Politically, the decade has been marked by extreme instability, featuring six prime ministers in seven years. The tenure of Sir Keir Starmer was characterized by attempts to initiate a 'Brexit-reset' to mitigate economic stagnation, though his administration was plagued by policy reversals and vetting scandals, notably the appointment of Peter Mandelson. The rise of Reform UK, led by Nigel Farage, has further fragmented the political landscape, precipitating the collapse of Conservative dominance in several bellwether constituencies and influencing the shift toward Welsh nationalism via Plaid Cymru.

在政治上，這十年以極端不穩定為特徵，七年內共經歷六位首相。基爾·斯塔默爵士（Sir Keir Starmer）的任期特點是試圖發起「脫歐重啟」以緩解經濟停滯，儘管其政府深受政策反轉與審查醜聞之苦，尤其是任命彼得·曼德爾森（Peter Mandelson）一事。由奈傑爾·法拉吉（Nigel Farage）領導的英國改革黨（Reform UK）崛起，進一步碎片化了政治格局，導致保守黨在多個關鍵選區的主導地位崩潰，並影響了透過親威爾斯黨（Plaid Cymru）向威爾斯民族主義的轉移。

From the perspective of the European Union, the UK's departure is viewed as a 'lose-lose' scenario. While the EU has maintained the integrity of the single market, officials such as Michel Barnier emphasize that any rapprochement remains contingent upon the UK accepting the bloc's established regulatory frameworks. The EU currently faces its own internal challenges, with the ascent of eurosceptic parties in France and Germany mirroring the populist trends observed in the UK, potentially complicating future bilateral negotiations.

從歐盟的角度來看，英國脫歐被視為「雙輸」局面。雖然歐盟維持了單一市場的完整性，但如米歇爾·巴尼耶（Michel Barnier）等官員強調，任何關係修復的前提仍在於英國接受歐盟既定的監管框架。歐盟目前也面臨內部挑戰，法國與德國反歐盟政黨的興起反映了在英國觀察到的民粹主義趨勢，可能使未來的雙邊談判更加複雜。

The United Kingdom remains in a state of economic and political transition, with growing public regret regarding the referendum and an uncertain trajectory toward potential future integration with the European Union.

英國仍處於經濟與政治的轉型狀態，公眾對公投的後悔情緒日益增加，且未來與歐盟潛在整合的軌跡仍不確定。