Wild birds in Australia have a sick virus called H5N1. The government wants to protect farm birds and wild animals.

澳洲的野生鳥類感染了一種稱為 H5N1 的病毒。政府希望保護家禽與野生動物。

The virus started in Western Australia and South Australia. The government is spending a lot of money to find the virus and stop it.

該病毒始於西澳洲與南澳洲。政府正投入大量資金以偵測並阻止該病毒傳播。

Farm owners in Tasmania are worried. Wild birds can bring the virus to farm chickens. If the chickens get sick, the farmers must kill all the birds. This will cost a lot of money.

塔斯曼尼亞的農場主感到憂心。野生鳥類可能會將病毒帶入農場的雞群中。如果雞隻染病，農民必須撲殺所有鳥類，這將導致巨大的經濟損失。

Many wild birds are in danger. The black swan can get very sick. Sea lions are also at risk because this virus killed many sea lions in South America.

許多野生鳥類處於危險之中。黑天鵝可能會病得很嚴重。海獅也面臨風險，因為這種病毒曾在南美洲導致大量海獅死亡。

Australia is watching the birds carefully. The government and farmers want to stop the virus from spreading.

澳洲正密切關注鳥類情況。政府與農民希望阻止病毒傳播。

The discovery of the H5N1 bird flu strain in migratory seabirds has led to a coordinated biosecurity response across several Australian states. This effort aims to reduce the risks to commercial poultry and local wildlife.

在候鳥身上發現 H5N1 禽流感病毒後，澳洲多個州已採取協調一致的生物安全應對措施。此舉旨在降低對商業家禽及當地野生動物的風險。

The H5N1 virus was first identified in Western Australia, where two migratory birds tested positive near Esperance. Since then, dead birds have also been found on the South Australian coast, which has forced the government to increase its monitoring efforts. Consequently, the South Australian government has provided $8.1 million to the Department of Primary Industries and Regions to improve surveillance and prepare for a potential outbreak.

H5N1 病毒最初在西澳發現，當時在埃斯佩蘭斯（Esperance）附近有兩隻候鳥檢測呈陽性。之後，南澳海岸也發現了死鳥，迫使政府增加監測力度。因此，南澳政府撥款 810 萬澳元給初級工業及區域部，以加強監測並為潛在的爆發做準備。

In the commercial sector, poultry farmers in Tasmania have introduced stricter biosecurity rules. Industry leaders emphasized that free-range farming makes it difficult to prevent the virus from spreading through wild bird droppings. If an infection occurs, entire flocks might need to be destroyed, which would cause serious economic problems and job losses. Furthermore, while some believe vaccines are necessary, the Tasmanian chief veterinary officer stated that current trade agreements prevent their use in commercial poultry, although permits may be given for endangered species.

在商業方面，塔斯馬尼亞的家禽農場引入了更嚴格的生物安全規定。業界領袖強調，走地養殖使得病毒很難避免透過野生鳥類的糞便傳播。如果發生感染，整個禽群可能需要被銷毀，這將導致嚴重的經濟問題與失業。

From an environmental perspective, federal reports indicate that over 150 native bird species are at high risk of declining or becoming extinct. For example, the black swan is especially vulnerable because its immune system cannot fight the virus effectively. Additionally, the virus is a major threat to marine mammals; the Australian sea lion is considered high risk, especially after similar mass deaths were seen in South American sea lion populations.

從環境角度來看，聯邦報告指出超過 150 種本地鳥類面臨數量下降或滅絕的高風險。例如，黑天鵝尤其脆弱，因為其免疫系統無法有效地對抗病毒。此外，該病毒對海洋哺乳動物也是重大威脅；澳洲海獅被視為高風險，尤其是在南美海獅種群出現類似大規模死亡現象之後。

Australia remains on high alert. Government and industry leaders are focusing on monitoring the situation, containing the virus, and creating guidelines for the humane euthanasia of infected animals.

澳洲仍維持高度戒備。政府與業界領袖正集中精力監測情況、控制病毒，並制定人道處死受感染動物的指南。

The detection of the H5N1 avian influenza strain in migratory seabirds has prompted a coordinated biosecurity response across several Australian states to mitigate risks to commercial poultry and endemic wildlife.

在遷徙海鳥身上偵測到 H5N1 禽流感病毒株後，澳洲多個州已採取協調一致的生物安全應對措施，以降低對商業禽類與本土野生動物的風險。

The initial identification of the H5N1 variant occurred in Western Australia, where two migratory birds tested positive near Esperance. Subsequent detections of deceased petrels on the South Australian coast have necessitated an expansion of surveillance operations. The South Australian government has allocated $8.1 million to the Department of Primary Industries and Regions to enhance monitoring and response readiness, reflecting a strategic effort to prevent the virus from infiltrating local ecosystems.

最初在西澳發現 H5N1 變種，在 Esperance 附近有兩隻遷徙鳥檢測呈陽性。隨後在南澳海岸發現死亡的信天翁，使得擴大監測行動成為必要。南澳政府已撥款 810 萬澳幣給初級工業與區域部，以強化監控與應對準備，反映出防止病毒滲入本地生態系統的策略性努力。

Within the commercial sector, Tasmanian poultry producers have implemented heightened biosecurity protocols. Stakeholders, including Pure Foods Eggs and Nichols Poultry, have noted that the inherent nature of free-range farming complicates the prevention of viral transmission via wild bird excreta. The potential for total depopulation of flocks exists should an infection occur, which would result in significant economic disruption and labor instability. While vaccination is viewed by some industry representatives as a necessary long-term strategy, the Tasmanian chief veterinary officer stated that current trade agreements preclude the use of vaccines in commercial poultry, though permits may be granted for threatened species.

在商業部門，塔斯馬尼亞的禽類生產商已實施更高強度的生物安全協定。包括 Pure Foods Eggs 和 Nichols Poultry 在內的利益相關者指出，放養農場的本質使得防止透過野生鳥類排泄物傳播病毒變得困難。一旦發生感染，可能面臨全群撲殺，這將導致顯著的經濟擾亂與勞動力不穩定。雖然部分業界代表將疫苗接種視為必要的長期策略，但塔斯馬尼亞首席獸醫官表示，目前的貿易協定禁止在商業禽類中使用疫苗，儘管針對受威脅物種可能會授予許可。

From an ecological perspective, federal risk analyses indicate that over 150 endemic bird species are at very high risk of decline or extinction. The black swan is identified as particularly vulnerable due to a genomic deficiency in immune response, which may lead to uncontrolled pro-inflammatory reactions upon infection. Furthermore, the virus poses a substantial threat to marine mammals; the Australian sea lion is categorized as high risk, a concern amplified by historical mass mortality events observed in South American sea lion populations.

從生態角度來看，聯邦風險分析指出，超過 150 種本土鳥類面臨極高下降或滅絕的風險。黑天鵝被認定為特別脆弱，原因是免疫反應存在基因缺陷，感染後可能導致失控的促炎反應。此外，該病毒對海洋哺乳動物構成重大威脅；澳洲海獅被歸類為高風險，這一憂慮源於先前在南美海獅族群中觀察到的大規模死亡事件。

Australia remains in a state of heightened vigilance, with government and industry actors focusing on monitoring, containment, and the development of humane euthanasia protocols to manage the potential spread of H5N1.

澳洲目前仍處於高度警戒狀態，政府與業界正專注於監測、圍堵以及制定人道撲殺方案，以管理 H5N1 的潛在傳播。