War in Sudan Forces People to Leave Their Homes

Jun 25, 2026, 16:13
AfricaWorld
A2

War in Sudan Forces People to Leave Their Homes

蘇丹戰爭迫使民眾離開家園

Introduction

A group called the RSF is fighting in Sudan. Many people are leaving their homes and going to Chad because it is not safe.

一個名為 RSF 的組織正在蘇丹進行戰鬥。由於環境不安全，許多人正離開家園前往乍得。

Main Body

The fighting started in April 2023. In June, the RSF attacked villages in North Darfur. They burned ten villages and stole things from shops. They also broke the water tanks. Now, thousands of people have no water and must move to Chad.

戰鬥始於 2023 年 4 月。6 月時，RSF 攻擊了北達富爾的村莊。他們燒毀了十個村莊並搶奪商店物品。他們還破壞了水箱。如今，數以千計的人沒有水可用，必須遷往乍得。

The RSF also uses drones. These drones kill animals and destroy water. One leader says the RSF wants to push people out of the land. The RSF does not answer these claims.

RSF 還使用了無人機。這些無人機殺死動物並破壞水源。一名領導者表示，RSF 想要將人們趕出這片土地。RSF 並未對這些指控做出回應。

In another area called White Nile State, a drone hit a gas station. Two people died and seven people were hurt. This is a big problem because this road is used to bring food and medicine to people who need help.

在另一個名為白尼羅州的地區，一架無人機擊中了加油站。造成兩人死亡、七人受傷。這是一個嚴重的問題，因為這條道路被用於將食物和藥品運送給需要幫助的人。

Conclusion

People in Sudan have no food, no water, and no safe homes. The situation is very bad near the border of Chad.

蘇丹民眾目前沒有食物、沒有水，也沒有安全的家園。乍得邊境附近的情況非常糟糕。

Vocabulary Learning

🛠️ The 'Action' Pattern

Look at these words from the text:

  • Burned
  • Stole
  • Broke
  • Hit

What is happening here? These are things that happened in the past. To tell a story about yesterday or last year, we change the action word.

Simple Guide: Present (Now) →\rightarrow Past (Then)

  • Burn →\rightarrow Burned
  • Steal →\rightarrow Stole
  • Break →\rightarrow Broke
  • Hit →\rightarrow Hit

📦 'No' and 'None'

In the story, the author says:

  • "People have no food"
  • "People have no water"

When you want to say something is missing, put no before the thing.

  • I have no money. →\rightarrow (I am poor)
  • The room has no windows. →\rightarrow (It is dark)

📍 Where things are

Notice how the text uses In and To:

  1. In + Place →\rightarrow In Sudan, In June (Location or Time)
  2. To + Place →\rightarrow Going to Chad, Move to Chad (Movement/Direction)

Vocabulary Learning

attacked (v.)
To try to hurt or destroy a person or place using violence.
Example:The soldiers attacked the city at night.
stole (v.)
To take something that does not belong to you.
Example:Someone stole my bag at the station.
destroy (v.)
To damage something so badly that it cannot be used.
Example:The fire will destroy the whole building.
claims (n.)
Statements that something is true, even if there is no proof.
Example:The company made claims that the product was the best.
situation (n.)
The set of things that are happening at a particular time and place.
Example:The traffic situation in the city is very bad today.
border (n.)
The line that divides two countries.
Example:We crossed the border from France into Spain.
B2

Mass Displacement and Damage to Infrastructure in Sudan Due to RSF Military Actions

由於快速支援軍 (RSF) 軍事行動導致蘇丹大規模人口流離失所及基礎設施受損

Introduction

Recent military attacks by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have caused a serious humanitarian crisis. This situation is marked by large numbers of civilians fleeing to Chad and the destruction of essential services within Sudan.

快速支援軍 (RSF) 最近的軍事攻擊造成了嚴重的人道危機。目前大量平民逃往乍得，蘇丹內部的基本服務亦遭到摧毀。

Main Body

The current instability began in April 2023 due to disagreements over how to integrate paramilitary forces into the national army. This conflict has hit the North Darfur region hard, particularly in the Um Baru area. On June 15, the RSF launched an attack in Orchi using armored vehicles and cavalry, which led to the burning of ten villages and the looting of local businesses. Furthermore, the destruction of the Orchi reservoir has cut off the water supply, forcing thousands of people to move toward the town of Tine in Chad.

目前的動盪始於 2023 年 4 月，起因是對如何將準軍事力量整合至國家軍隊存在分歧。這場衝突對北達佛州影響深遠，特別是在 Um Baru 地區。6 月 15 日，RSF 使用裝甲車與騎兵在 Orchi 發動攻擊，導致十個村莊被燒毀，當地商家亦遭到搶劫。此外，Orchi 水庫被摧毀，切斷了水源，迫使數千人向乍得的 Tine 市遷移。

There are different views on these events. Salah Rassas Adam Tour, representing Sudan’s Sovereign Council, asserted that these actions are part of a planned strategy to change the population of the region. In contrast, the RSF has not officially responded to these claims. At the same time, reports suggest that drones are being used to attack livestock and water sources, which makes it very difficult for displaced people to return home.

對於這些事件存在不同看法。代表蘇丹主權委員會的 Salah Rassas Adam Tour 主張，這些行動是一個計劃中的策略，旨在改變該地區的人口組成。相反，RSF 尚未對此類指控做出正式回應。與此同時，報告指出無人機被用於攻擊牲畜與水源，使得流離失所的人們極難返回家園。

Infrastructure damage is also occurring outside of Darfur. In White Nile State, the Sudan Doctors Network reported a drone strike on a fuel station in Rabak, which killed two people and injured seven others. Medical authorities emphasized that this is part of a wider pattern of attacking civilian sites. Consequently, because White Nile State is a main route for delivering aid to the Kordofan states, these attacks put the delivery of essential supplies at great risk.

基礎設施的損壞也發生在達佛州以外。在白尼羅州，蘇丹醫生網絡報告指 Rabak 的一個加油站遭到無人機襲擊，導致兩人死亡、七人受傷。醫療部門強調，這是攻擊平民設施之更廣泛模式的一部分。因此，由於白尼羅州是向科爾多凡各州運送援助物資的主要路線，這些攻擊使必需品的運送面臨極大風險。

Conclusion

The combination of forced displacement, destroyed infrastructure, and severe food shortages continues to make the humanitarian emergency worse along the border between Sudan and Chad.

強迫流離失所、基礎設施被毀及嚴重糧食短缺的綜合影響，持續使蘇丹與乍得邊境的人道緊急情況惡化。

Vocabulary Learning

⚡ The 'Logic Glue' Upgrade

To move from A2 to B2, you must stop using simple sentences like 'This happened. Then that happened.' and start using Connectors of Consequence and Contrast. These words act as the "glue" that makes your English sound professional and fluid.

🛠️ The Tool: Transitions

Look at how the text links complex ideas. Instead of using 'but' or 'so', it uses B2-level alternatives:

  • "Furthermore" →\rightarrow (Use this when you want to add a second, even more important point).

    • A2 style: "They burned villages. They also stole things."
    • B2 style: "Ten villages were burned; furthermore, local businesses were looted."

  • "Consequently" →\rightarrow (Use this to show a direct result of a problem).

    • A2 style: "The station was hit, so aid is at risk."
    • B2 style: "A drone strike hit a fuel station; consequently, the delivery of supplies is at great risk."

  • "In contrast" →\rightarrow (Use this to show two completely opposite opinions).

    • A2 style: "One person says X, but the other says Y."
    • B2 style: "The Council asserted a planned strategy; in contrast, the RSF has not responded."

🔍 Pattern Analysis

Notice the structure: [Observation] →\rightarrow [Connector] →\rightarrow [Impact].

If you want to describe a situation in your own life or a news story, try this formula: [Action] + [Consequently] + [The Result]

Example: "I missed my morning alarm; consequently, I arrived late for the interview."

Vocabulary Learning

displacement (n.)
The forced movement of people from their locality or home
Example:The war led to the mass displacement of thousands of families.
integrate (v.)
To combine two or more things so that they become a whole
Example:The government tried to integrate the new recruits into the existing army.
paramilitary (adj.)
Organized similarly to a military force but not part of a country's official armed forces
Example:The region was controlled by a paramilitary group during the conflict.
looting (v./n.)
Stealing goods from a place, typically during a war or riot
Example:After the attack, there were widespread reports of looting in the city center.
asserted (v.)
Stated a fact or belief confidently and forcefully
Example:The witness asserted that she had seen the suspect leave the building.
emphasized (v.)
Gave special importance or prominence to something in speaking or writing
Example:The doctor emphasized the importance of drinking plenty of water.
consequently (adv.)
As a result of something that has already been mentioned
Example:The bridge was destroyed; consequently, the delivery of aid was delayed.
C2

Systematic Displacement and Infrastructure Degradation in Sudan Resulting from RSF Military Operations

快速支援軍 (RSF) 軍事行動導致蘇丹出現系統性流離失所與基礎設施損毀

Introduction

Recent military offensives by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have precipitated a significant humanitarian crisis, characterized by mass civilian displacement into Chad and the targeting of critical infrastructure within Sudan.

快速支援軍 (RSF) 最近的軍事攻勢引發了嚴重的人道主義危機，其特點是大量平民被迫遷往乍得，以及蘇丹境內關鍵基礎設施遭到針對性攻擊。

Main Body

The current instability is rooted in the conflict initiated in April 2023, stemming from disagreements regarding the integration of paramilitary forces into the national military. This geopolitical friction has manifested in the North Darfur region, specifically within the Um Baru locality. On June 15, the RSF commenced an offensive in the Orchi area, utilizing mechanized vehicles and cavalry. This operation resulted in the incineration of ten villages and the looting of local commerce. The strategic destruction of the Orchi reservoir has effectively severed the regional water supply, necessitating the migration of thousands of civilians toward the Chadian town of Tine.

目前的動盪根源於 2023 年 4 月開始的衝突，起因於準軍事力量併入國家軍隊的爭議。這種地緣政治摩擦在北達佛州，特別是在 Um Baru 地區顯現。6 月 15 日，RSF 在 Orchi 地區發動攻勢，使用了機械化車輛與騎兵。此次行動導致十個村莊被焚毀以及當地商業遭到搶劫。Orchi 水庫被戰略性破壞，有效地切斷了該地區的供水，迫使數千名平民向乍得的 Tine 城遷移。

Stakeholder positioning reveals a stark divergence in narrative. A representative of Sudan’s Sovereign Council, Salah Rassas Adam Tour, characterized these actions as a systematic policy intended to alter the demographic composition of the region. Conversely, the RSF has not provided a formal response to these allegations. Concurrent with ground operations, reports indicate the employment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to target livestock and remaining water sources, thereby impeding any potential repatriation of displaced populations.

利益相關者的立場顯示出敘事上的顯著分歧。蘇丹主權委員會代表 Salah Rassas Adam Tour 將這些行動定義為旨在改變該地區人口構成的系統性政策。相反地，RSF 並未對這些指控做出正式回應。在地面行動的同時，報告指出其使用無人機 (UAV) 針對牲畜和剩餘水源，從而阻礙流離失所人口潛在的遣返可能性。

Beyond Darfur, the degradation of vital infrastructure persists. In White Nile State, the Sudan Doctors Network reported a UAV strike on a fuel station in Rabak city, resulting in two fatalities and seven injuries. This incident is framed by medical authorities as part of a broader pattern of targeting civilian facilities. Given that White Nile State serves as a primary humanitarian corridor to the Kordofan states, such disruptions pose a significant risk to the delivery of essential aid.

除了達佛州之外，重要基礎設施的損毀持續發生。在白尼羅州，蘇丹醫生網絡報告 Rabak 市的一個加油站遭無人機襲擊，導致兩人死亡及七人受傷。醫療當局將此事件視為針對平民設施之更廣泛模式的一部分。鑑於白尼羅州是前往科尔多凡各州的主要人道主義通道，此類破壞對運送必需援助構成了重大風險。

Conclusion

The convergence of systematic displacement, infrastructure destruction, and acute food insecurity continues to exacerbate the humanitarian emergency along the Sudan-Chad border.

系統性流離失所、基礎設施破壞與嚴重糧食不安全之交織，持續加劇蘇丹與乍得邊境的人道主義緊急狀態。

Vocabulary Learning

The Architecture of 'Clinical Distance' in High-Stakes Discourse

To move from B2 to C2, a student must stop merely 'describing' events and start 'framing' them. The provided text is a masterclass in nominalization and agent-obscuring syntax, used here to create an objective, authoritative, and clinical tone—essential for geopolitical reporting and academic writing.

◈ The Power of the Nominal Pivot

Notice how the author avoids simple Subject-Verb-Object patterns ("The RSF displaced people") in favor of Complex Nominal Groups.

  • Example: "The convergence of systematic displacement, infrastructure destruction, and acute food insecurity..."

By transforming actions (displace, destroy) into nouns (displacement, destruction), the writer shifts the focus from the actor to the phenomenon. At C2, you do not just say something happened; you identify the convergence or manifestation of a trend. This abstracts the narrative, granting it an air of systemic analysis rather than mere storytelling.

◈ Lexical Precision: The 'High-Utility' Academic Verbs

B2 learners rely on cause, lead to, or start. The C2 writer employs verbs that carry specific sociopolitical weight:

  1. Precipitate: (e.g., "precipitated a significant humanitarian crisis"). Unlike 'cause,' precipitate implies a sudden, often violent acceleration of a situation that was already unstable.
  2. Exacerbate: (e.g., "exacerbate the humanitarian emergency"). This denotes making a bad situation worse, a staple of formal analysis.
  3. Sever: (e.g., "effectively severed the regional water supply"). A precise, physical verb used metaphorically to describe the total cutting off of a resource.

◈ Syntactic Sophistication: The 'Framing' Device

Observe the phrase: "This incident is framed by medical authorities as part of a broader pattern..."

This is a meta-discursive move. The writer is not stating that the incident is a pattern, but rather reporting how it is framed. This nuance allows a C2 writer to maintain neutrality while synthesizing multiple perspectives, a critical requirement for the CPE (Certificate of Proficiency in English) writing modules.

C2 Linguistic Blueprint: [Abstract Noun/Phenomenon] →\rightarrow [High-Precision Verb] →\rightarrow [Systemic Consequence] *Instead of: "The army broke the pipes, so people left." *C2: "The strategic degradation of infrastructure necessitated the mass migration of the population."

Vocabulary Learning

precipitated (v.)
To cause an event or situation, typically one that is bad or undesirable, to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.
Example:The sudden collapse of the bank precipitated a nationwide financial crisis.
incineration (n.)
The process of destroying something by burning it completely.
Example:The incineration of the archives left no evidence of the previous administration's activities.
divergence (n.)
A process or state of deviating from a common point or differing in opinion, direction, or character.
Example:There is a growing divergence between the two political parties regarding climate policy.
repatriation (n.)
The process of returning a person, refugee, or prisoner to their own country.
Example:The government is working with the UN to facilitate the safe repatriation of refugees.
exacerbate (v.)
To make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.
Example:The lack of rain will only exacerbate the existing food shortage in the region.
degradation (n.)
The process of wearing down or deteriorating in quality, condition, or strength.
Example:The degradation of the urban infrastructure has made the city center nearly impassable.
manifested (v.)
To display or show a quality of feeling or characteristic through one's acts or appearance; to appear.
Example:The tension between the two nations manifested in a series of diplomatic disputes.
Practice All words in a crossword→
War in Sudan Forces People to Leave Their Homes (CEFR Compare) - A2Z News | A2Z News