Guanniu is an old sport in Jiaxing. People wrestle with bulls. Now, this sport has many problems.

捽牛是嘉興一項古老的運動。人們與牛摔跤。現在這項運動面臨許多問題。

This sport is 600 years old. It is not like Spanish bullfighting. The people do not kill the bulls. They only hold the bull down to win.

這項運動有 600 年歷史。它不像西班牙鬥牛，人們不會殺牛，只要將牛壓制住就能獲勝。

Government leaders helped the sport in the 2000s. They gave some money and places to play. But the places are still bad. In 2026, bulls stayed in bathrooms because there were no stables.

政府在 2000 年代曾支持這項運動，提供了一些資金和場地。但場地條件依然很差。在 2026 年，因為沒有牛舍，牛隻甚至被安置在洗手間內。

Young people do not do this as a job. There is not enough money. The sports school now sells food and gifts to tourists to make money.

年輕人不會將此作為職業，因為收入不足。現在體育學校必須透過向遊客銷售食物和禮品來獲利。

Guanniu is a special tradition. But it may stop because there is no money and no full-time workers.

捽牛是一個特別的傳統。但因為缺乏資金且沒有全職工作者，可能會就此終止。

Guanniu, a traditional Chinese sport involving non-lethal bull-wrestling, is currently facing serious challenges. In Jiaxing, the sport struggles to remain professional and to pass its traditions to the next generation.

管牛是一種非殺傷性的中國傳統鬥牛運動，目前正面臨嚴峻的挑戰。在嘉興，這項運動難以維持專業化，且難以將傳統傳承給下一代。

Guanniu began 600 years ago with Hui Muslim migrants in Jiaxing and has since become a formal folk competition. Unlike Spanish bullfighting, this sport does not use weapons and does not kill the animal. Instead, a wrestler wins by physically holding the bull still.

管牛始於600年前來到嘉興的回族移民，隨後演變成一項正式的民俗競賽。與西班牙鬥牛不同，這項運動不使用武器，也不會殺死動物。相反，摔跤者只要將牛身體固定使其無法移動即可獲勝。

In the early 2000s, institutional support grew after Xi Jinping, then the provincial party secretary, helped the sport become recognized as an intangible cultural heritage. This status provided subsidies, sponsorships, and free venues. However, the infrastructure is still poor. For example, during the 15th China Bullfighting championship in June 2026, organizers had to use temporary facilities and even residential bathrooms to house the animals.

在2000年代初期，由於當時擔任省委書記的習近平協助該運動被認定為非物質文化遺產，制度上的支持有所增加。這一身份提供了補貼、贊助及免費場地。然而，基礎設施依然簡陋。例如，在2026年6月舉行的第15屆中國鬥牛錦標賽期間，主辦方不得不使用臨時設施，甚至使用住宅浴室來安置牛隻。

Furthermore, there is a significant lack of professional athletes. Although some university students participate, there is no stable financial system to allow them to turn this into a full-time career. Consequently, the local martial arts school has had to find other ways to make money, such as opening a halal restaurant and organizing tourist shows. While practitioners like Li Bo have used social media and sold souvenirs to increase visibility, the lack of funding still prevents the sport from becoming a professional league.

此外，專業運動員嚴重匱乏。儘管部分大學生參與其中，但缺乏穩定的財務制度讓他們能將其轉化為全職職業。因此，當地的武術學校不得不尋找其他獲利方式，例如開設清真餐廳及組織旅遊表演。雖然像李波這樣的從業者利用社交媒體並銷售紀念品來提高知名度，但資金缺乏仍阻礙該運動向專業聯賽轉型。

Although Guanniu is recognized as a cultural heritage, its future is uncertain because of limited funding and a shortage of professional practitioners.

雖然管牛被認定為文化遺產，但由於資金有限且專業從業人員短缺，其前景依然不明朗。

The traditional Chinese sport of guanniu, a non-lethal form of bull-wrestling, currently faces significant challenges regarding its professional sustainability and cultural transmission in Jiaxing.

中國傳統運動「觀牛」是一種非致命形式的鬥牛，目前在嘉興面臨專業可持續性與文化傳承方面的重大挑戰。

Guanniu originated from the herding practices of Hui Muslim migrants in Jiaxing and has evolved over six centuries into a formalized folk competition. Unlike Iberian bullfighting, the practice is characterized by the absence of weaponry and the preservation of the animal's life; victory is achieved through the physical immobilization of the bull.

觀牛源於嘉興回族移民的放牧習慣，歷經六個世紀演變為一種正式的民間競賽。與西班牙鬥牛不同，此項實踐的特點在於不使用武器並保護動物生命；獲勝方式是透過將牛在身體上制服。

Institutional support for the discipline increased in the early 2000s following the efforts of Xi Jinping, then provincial party secretary, to secure its designation as an intangible cultural heritage. This administrative classification facilitated the provision of subsidies, sponsorship, and complimentary venues. Despite these interventions, the infrastructure remains inadequate, as evidenced by the utilization of temporary facilities and residential bathrooms for livestock housing during the 15th China Bullfighting championship in June 2026.

2000年代初期，當時任省委書記的習近平致力於將其列為非物質文化遺產，使該項目獲得更多制度支持。此行政分類促成了補貼、贊助及免費場地的提供。儘管有這些干預，基礎設施依然不足，這可從2026年6月舉行的第15屆中國鬥牛錦標賽期間，使用臨時設施與住宅浴室作為牲畜安置處的情況中看出。

Stakeholder positioning reveals a critical deficit in professional recruitment. While university students occasionally participate in competitions, the absence of a viable financial framework precludes the transition from amateurism to professional careerism. Consequently, the associated martial arts school has diversified its revenue streams through the operation of a halal culinary establishment and the staging of tourist performances. Practitioners such as Li Bo have attempted to enhance the sport's visibility through media engagement and the commercialization of souvenirs, yet the systemic lack of funding continues to impede the establishment of a professionalized athletic circuit.

利益相關者的定位揭示了專業招募的嚴重缺失。雖然大學生偶爾參與比賽，但缺乏可行的財務框架，導致無法從業餘轉向職業化。因此，相關的武術學校透過經營清真餐飲 establishment 與舉辦遊客表演來多元化收入來源。如李波等從業者嘗試透過媒體參與及紀念品商業化來提升該運動的知名度，然而系統性的資金缺乏仍阻礙了專業體育賽事的建立。

Guanniu persists as a recognized cultural heritage, yet it remains precarious due to insufficient funding and a lack of full-time practitioners.

觀牛雖被認可為文化遺產，但因資金不足及缺乏全職從業者，其處境依然危險。