The US government has a new law. Now, phones can send emergency messages when a shark attacks a person at the beach.

美國政府通過了一項新法律。現在，當沙灘上有人遭受鯊魚襲擊時，手機可以發送緊急訊息。

Lulu Gribbin was a shark attack victim in 2024. She lost her hand and part of her leg. Another person had a shark bite nearby before her. Lulu wanted people to have information fast. Now, the government has 'Lulu's Law'.

Lulu Gribbin 是 2024 年鯊魚襲擊的受害者。她失去了一隻手和部分腿部。在她之前，附近還有人被鯊魚咬傷。Lulu 希望人們能快速獲得資訊。現在，政府通過了《Lulu 法案》。

This law lets the government send alerts to phones. But the law is only a permission. Each state must decide if they want to use the system. Alabama already uses a system like this.

這項法律允許政府向手機發送警報。但這項法律僅僅是一種許可。每個州必須決定是否要使用該系統。阿拉巴馬州已經在使用類似的系統。

Some experts say shark attacks are very rare. Only 60 to 80 people are bitten every year. They say attacks usually happen because of the water or fish. But Lulu and other survivors say the alerts are important for safety.

一些專家表示鯊魚襲擊非常罕見。每年只有 60 到 80 人被咬。他們認為襲擊通常是由於水質或魚類引起的。但 Lulu 和其他倖存者表示，警報對於安全至關重要。

The law allows phone alerts for shark attacks. Now, each state can choose to start these alerts.

該法律允許手機發出鯊魚襲擊警報。現在，每個州可以選擇是否啟動這些警報。

The United States government has created a new legal system to allow emergency mobile notifications after shark attacks. These alerts are designed to warn people at the beach about local risks.

美國政府建立了一套新的法律體系，允許在鯊魚襲擊後發送手機緊急通知。這些警報旨在警告海灘上的人們注意當地風險。

This law was created after a June 2024 incident in the Florida Panhandle involving Lulu Gribbin, who suffered severe injuries during a shark attack. Gribbin argued that there was a dangerous lack of real-time information, as another person had been bitten nearby just ninety minutes before her own attack. As a result, President Trump signed "Lulu's Law," which requires the Federal Communications Commission to treat shark attacks as events that qualify for emergency alerts. However, while the federal government gives the permission, individual states must decide whether to actually use these warning systems. For example, Alabama had already started using such a system thanks to Representative David Faulkner.

這項法律是在 2024 年 6 月佛羅里達州 Panhandle 發生的一起事件後制定的，當時 Lulu Gribbin 在鯊魚襲擊中受重傷。Gribbin 主張當時嚴重缺乏即時資訊，因為在她被襲擊前僅 90 分鐘，附近就有人被咬。因此，川普總統簽署了《Lulu 法案》，要求聯邦通信委員會將鯊魚襲擊視為符合發送緊急警報條件的事件。然而，儘管聯邦政府給予許可，但各州必須自行決定是否實際使用這些警告系統。例如，阿拉巴馬州在代表 David Faulkner 的推動下，已經開始使用此類系統。

From a scientific perspective, experts are debating whether these alerts are necessary because shark attacks are so rare. Gavin Naylor from the Florida Museum of Natural History explained that unprovoked shark bites happen only 60 to 80 times a year worldwide. He emphasized that multiple attacks on the same day are unusual and are usually caused by environmental factors, such as cloudy water or fish being too close to the shore. Despite these low numbers, Gribbin and other survivors, such as Braxton Rocha, assert that providing this information is essential so that the public can make informed decisions about their safety.

從科學角度來看，專家們正在爭論這些警報是否有必要，因為鯊魚襲擊非常罕見。佛羅里達自然史博物館的 Gavin Naylor 解釋，全球每年僅發生 60 到 80 起未受挑釁的鯊魚咬傷事件。他強調，同一天發生多次襲擊並不常見，通常是由環境因素引起，例如水質混濁或魚群過於靠近岸邊。儘管數據較低，但 Gribbin 和其他倖存者（如 Braxton Rocha）堅稱提供此類資訊至關重要，以便公眾能針對自身安全做出明智決定。

Federal law now allows the use of mobile alerts for shark attacks, although it is up to each state to decide if they will implement the system.

聯邦法律現在允許使用手機警報通知鯊魚襲擊，但具體是否實施該系統由各州決定。

The United States government has established a new legal framework to permit the dissemination of emergency mobile notifications following shark attacks to inform beachgoers of localized risks.

美國政府建立了一個新的法律框架，允許在鯊魚襲擊後發送手機緊急通知，以告知海灘遊客當地的風險。

The legislative catalyst for this development was a June 2024 incident in the Florida Panhandle involving Lulu Gribbin, who sustained severe injuries, including the loss of her left hand and a partial right leg amputation. Gribbin's advocacy focused on the critical absence of real-time information, noting that another individual had been bitten three miles away ninety minutes prior to her own encounter. Consequently, President Trump signed 'Lulu's Law,' which mandates the Federal Communications Commission to categorize shark attacks as qualifying events for emergency alerts. While the federal government provides the authorization, the actual implementation of these warning systems remains a state-level prerogative; Alabama had previously adopted such a system under the sponsorship of Representative David Faulkner.

這次發展的立法觸發因素是 2024 年 6 月在佛羅里達州 Panhandle 發生的一起事件。當時 Lulu Gribbin 受到嚴重傷勢，包括失去左手及右腿部分截肢。Gribbin 的倡議聚焦於即時資訊的嚴重缺失，她指出在自己遭遇襲擊前 90 分鐘，距離三英里外已有人被咬。因此，川普總統簽署了《Lulu 法案》，要求聯邦通信委員會將鯊魚襲擊列為符合發送緊急警報的事件。雖然聯邦政府提供授權，但這些預警系統的實際執行仍屬於州級權限；阿拉巴馬州此前在代表 David Faulkner 的支持下已採用此類系統。

From a biological and statistical perspective, the necessity of such alerts is weighed against the rarity of these events. Gavin Naylor of the Florida Museum of Natural History indicates that unprovoked shark bites occur globally at a rate of 60 to 80 instances annually. Naylor posits that multiple attacks in a single day are anomalous and typically attributable to environmental variables, such as turbidity or the proximity of bait fish to the shoreline. Despite the low probability of occurrence, stakeholders such as Gribbin and other survivors, including Braxton Rocha, maintain that the provision of situational data is essential for informed risk assessment by the public.

從生物學和統計學角度來看，此類警報的必要性需與這些事件的罕見程度權衡。佛羅里達自然歷史博物館的 Gavin Naylor 指出，全球每年發生無故鯊魚咬人的案例約 60 到 80 起。Naylor 認為，單日發生多次襲擊屬於異常情況，通常可歸因於環境變數，例如水質混濁或餌魚靠近海岸線。儘管發生機率低，但 Gribbin 及其他倖存者（包括 Braxton Rocha）等利害關係人堅持認為，提供情境數據對於公眾進行明智的風險評估至關重要。

Federal law now permits the use of mobile alerts for shark attacks, though the operationalization of these warnings depends on individual state adoption.

聯邦法律現在允許使用手機警報通知鯊魚襲擊，但這些預警的運作取決於各州是否採用。