Health workers are studying a sickness in the United States. Many people in the Midwest are sick.

醫療人員正在研究美國的一種疾病。中西部有許多人染病。

People in 31 states have this sickness. In Michigan, more than 1,500 people are sick. This is a very high number. A small parasite causes the sickness. People eat dirty water or fresh vegetables and get sick. They have stomach pain and diarrhea.

有31個州的人染上了這種病。在密西根州，有超過1,500人染病。這是一個非常高的數字。是一種微小的寄生蟲導致了這種疾病。人們食用不乾淨的水或新鮮蔬菜後會染病。他們會出現胃痛和腹瀉。

It is hard to find the bad food. People do not remember what they ate two weeks ago. Also, food comes from many different countries. In the past, basil and berries caused this problem. The government does not know which food is bad now.

很難找到有問題的食物。人們不記得兩週前吃了什麼。此外，食物來自許多不同的國家。過去，羅勒和莓類水果曾引起這個問題。政府目前不知道哪種食物是有問題的。

Some experts are worried about the government. The government closed some health offices. These experts say the government is now slower to find sick people. The government says they are still doing a good job.

一些專家對政府感到擔心。政府關閉了一些衛生部門。這些專家表示，政府現在尋找病患的速度變慢了。政府則表示他們仍然在盡職地工作。

The government is watching the situation. They tell people to wash their food and hands very well.

政府正在觀察情況。他們提醒人們要將食物和雙手洗淨。

Public health agencies are currently investigating a significant increase in cyclosporiasis cases across the United States, with a high number of infections reported in the Midwest.

公共衛生機構目前正在調查美國全美範圍內圓孢子蟲病病例的顯著增加，其中中西部地區報告的感染人數最高。

The current increase in cases is spread across 31 states. Michigan has been hit the hardest, recording over 1,500 cases, which is much higher than its usual average of about 50 per year. Other major clusters have appeared in Ohio, New York, and Illinois. The cause is a tiny parasite called Cyclospora cayetanensis, which is usually spread through contaminated water or fresh produce. Patients typically experience severe stomach problems, such as watery diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue. Although the infection is rarely fatal, it can last for several weeks unless patients take specific antibiotics.

目前的病例增加分布在 31 個州。密西根州受災最嚴重，記錄了超過 1,500 例病例，遠高於其通常每年約 50 例的平均值。其他主要聚集地出現在俄亥俄州、紐約州和伊利諾州。原因是種名為圓孢子蟲 (Cyclospora cayetanensis) 的微小寄生蟲，通常透過受污染的水或新鮮農產品傳播。患者通常會經歷嚴重的胃腸問題，例如水樣腹瀉、噁心和疲勞。雖然這種感染極少致命，但除非患者服用特定的抗生素，否則病程可能會持續數週。

Finding the source of the outbreak is difficult for several reasons. First, the parasite's incubation period lasts from two days to two weeks, which means patients often cannot remember exactly what they ate. Furthermore, because the food supply chain is global, contaminated produce from tropical regions can quickly reach many different domestic markets. In the past, outbreaks have been linked to items like basil, cilantro, and bagged salads. However, the FDA and CDC have not yet identified a specific product or grower as the source of this current outbreak.

找出爆發源頭困難的原因有 several 個。首先，該寄生蟲的潛伏期為兩天至兩週，這意味著患者通常無法記得確切吃過什麼。此外，由於食物供應鏈是全球性的，來自熱帶地區的受污染農產品可迅速進入許多不同的國內市場。過去，爆發事件曾與羅勒、香菜和袋裝沙拉等產品相關。然而，FDA 和 CDC 尚未確定本次爆發的具體產品或種植者為源頭。

Some experts have questioned whether the government has enough resources to monitor these diseases. They pointed out that changes to the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network and the closure of the CDC's Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria might make it harder to identify outbreaks quickly. While the CDC asserts that its processes remain consistent, critics emphasize that these administrative cuts may have caused delays in data collection and a reliance on incomplete state reports.

部分專家質疑政府是否有足夠資源監測這些疾病。他們指出，食物傳播疾病主動監測網絡 (Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network) 的變動以及 CDC 寄生蟲病與瘧疾部門的關閉，可能會增加快速識別爆發的難度。儘管 CDC 聲稱其流程保持一致，但批評者強調，這些行政刪減可能導致數據收集延遲，並過度依賴不完整的州政府報告。

Federal and state authorities continue to monitor the situation and advise people to follow strict food hygiene practices to prevent further spread.

聯邦與州政府當局將持續監測情況，並建議民眾遵循嚴格的食物衛生習慣以防止進一步傳播。

Public health agencies are currently investigating a significant increase in cyclosporiasis cases across the United States, with a particular concentration of infections reported in the Midwest.

公共衛生機構目前正在調查美國各地環孢子蟲病病例的顯著增加，其中中西部報告的感染病例尤為集中。

The current epidemiological surge is characterized by a wide geographic distribution, with reports spanning 31 states. Michigan has experienced the most acute impact, recording over 1,500 cases—a substantial deviation from its historical annual average of approximately 50. Other notable clusters have emerged in Ohio, New York, and Illinois. The pathogen, Cyclospora cayetanensis, is a microscopic parasite transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through the ingestion of contaminated water or fresh produce. Clinical manifestations primarily include severe gastrointestinal distress, specifically frequent and watery diarrhea, often accompanied by nausea, fatigue, and abdominal cramping. While the infection is rarely fatal, it may persist for several weeks without the administration of antibiotics such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

目前的流行病學飆升其特點是地理分佈廣泛，報告涵蓋 31 個州。密西根州受影響最為嚴重，記錄超過 1,500 例病例——與其歷史年平均約 50 例相比，偏差極大。俄亥俄州、紐約州與伊利諾州也出現了其他顯著的集群。該病原體，即環孢子蟲 (Cyclospora cayetanensis)，是一種透過糞口途徑傳播的微小寄生蟲，通常經由攝取受污染的水或新鮮農產品而感染。臨床表現主要包括嚴重的胃腸道不適，特別是頻繁的水樣腹瀉，通常伴隨噁心、疲勞與腹部絞痛。雖然此感染極少致命，但若不使用 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 等抗生素治療，可能會持續數週。

Trace-back efforts are complicated by several systemic and biological factors. The parasite's incubation period, which ranges from two days to two weeks, often precludes accurate patient recall of food consumption. Furthermore, the globalization of the food supply chain facilitates the distribution of contaminated produce from tropical or subtropical regions to diverse domestic markets. Historically, outbreaks have been linked to commodities such as basil, cilantro, raspberries, and bagged salad mixes. Despite these antecedents, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have not yet identified a specific grower or product as the source of the current infections.

追溯調查受到多項系統性與生物學因素的影響而變得複雜。寄生蟲的潛伏期為兩天至兩週，通常導致患者無法準確回憶食物攝取情況。此外，食物供應鏈的全球化促進了受污染農產品從熱帶或亞熱帶地區分發至各類國內市場。歷史上，爆發事件與羅勒、香菜、覆盆子及袋裝沙拉混和物等商品相關。儘管有這些前例，美國食品藥品監督管理局 (FDA) 與疾病控制與預防中心 (CDC) 尚未確定特定的種植者或產品為此次感染的來源。

Institutional capacity for surveillance has been a subject of professional scrutiny. The transition of the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) to an optional reporting structure for certain pathogens in 2025, alongside the dissolution of the CDC's Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, has been cited by some experts as a potential impediment to rapid outbreak identification. While the CDC maintains that its handling of cases remains consistent, critics suggest these administrative reductions may have contributed to data lags and a reliance on fragmented state-level reporting.

監測的機構能力一直是專業審視的焦點。食物傳播疾病主動監測網絡 (FoodNet) 於 2025 年將某些病原體轉為選擇性報告結構，加上 CDC 寄生蟲病與瘧疾分部的解散，被部分專家認為是導致爆發識別緩慢的潛在阻礙。雖然 CDC 主張其處理病例的方式保持一致，但批評者認為這些行政縮減可能導致數據滯後，且過度依賴碎片化的州級報告。

Federal and state authorities continue to monitor the situation and advise rigorous food hygiene practices to mitigate further transmission.

聯邦與州政府當局將繼續監控情況，並建議採取嚴格的食物衛生措施以減輕進一步傳播。