Courts punished the leaders of the Bosnian Serb army for the 1995 Srebrenica genocide. Experts are still looking for the missing people.

法院懲罰了波士尼亞塞族軍隊的領袖，因其在1995年製造了斯雷布雷尼察種族滅絕事件。專家們目前仍在尋找失蹤者。

In July 1995, General Ratko Mladic and his army took the town of Srebrenica. They killed more than 8,000 men and boys. They forced women and children to leave their homes. In 2007, a big court said this was a genocide.

1995年7月，拉特科·姆拉迪奇將軍及其軍隊佔領了斯雷布雷尼察市。他們殺害了超過8,000名男子和男孩。他們強迫婦女和兒童離開家園。2007年，一家高級法院認定這是一場種族滅絕。

Courts put many leaders in prison. Ratko Mladic and Radovan Karadzic got life sentences. Other soldiers also went to prison in Bosnia, Serbia, and Croatia. Some bad people are still free, and one leader died before his trial ended.

法院將許多領袖送入監獄。拉特科·姆拉迪奇與拉多萬·卡拉季奇被判處終身監禁。其他士兵也在波士尼亞、塞爾維亞和克羅埃西亞入獄。部分罪犯目前仍處於自由狀態，而一名領袖在審判結束前就已去世。

Experts look for the bodies in the ground. The army moved the bodies to different places to hide the crime. Experts use DNA to find the names of the dead. They found many bodies, but more than 1,000 people are still missing.

專家在地下搜尋遺體。軍隊將遺體搬移至不同地點以掩蓋罪行。專家利用DNA鑑定來確認死者身分。他們發現了許多遺體，但仍有超過1,000人失蹤。

The Srebrenica genocide was a terrible crime in Europe. Courts and scientists are still working to find the truth.

斯雷布雷尼察種族滅絕是歐洲一場可怕的罪行。法院與科學家目前仍在努力尋找真相。

International and local courts have convicted many Bosnian Serb leaders for the 1995 Srebrenica genocide, while forensic experts continue the difficult work of identifying missing victims.

國際與當地法院已判定多名波士尼亞塞族領導人犯有 1995 年 Srebrenica 種族滅絕罪，而法醫專家則持續進行確認失蹤受害者身分的艱巨工作。

The events began on July 11, 1995, when Bosnian Serb forces, led by General Ratko Mladic, took control of Srebrenica, which the UN had named a 'safe area.' This operation led to the systematic execution of at least 8,372 Bosniak men and boys, while women, children, and the elderly were forced to leave their homes. Consequently, the International Court of Justice officially classified these actions as genocide in 2007, based on evidence provided by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).

事件始於 1995 年 7 月 11 日，當時由 Ratko Mladic 將軍率領的波士尼亞塞族軍隊控制了被聯合國命名為「安全區」的 Srebrenica。這次行動導致至少 8,372 名波士尼亞穆斯林男子與男孩遭到系統性處決，而婦女、兒童及老人則被強迫離開家園。因此，國際法院在 2007 年根據前南斯拉夫刑事國際法庭 (ICTY) 提供的證據，正式將這些行為定義為種族滅絕。

Legal accountability has been pursued through several different court systems. The ICTY convicted high-ranking officials, such as Ratko Mladic and Radovan Karadzic, who both received life sentences. Furthermore, other security chiefs and individuals who helped the genocide were also convicted. Local courts in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia have also judged lower-level soldiers and paramilitary groups. However, a complete legal resolution has not been reached because Slobodan Milosevic died in 2006 and some suspects are still hiding.

法律追責是透過數個不同的法院系統來進行。ICTY 判定高階官員如 Ratko Mladic 和 Radovan Karadzic 有罪，兩人均被判處終身監禁。此外，其他安全主管及協助種族滅絕的個人亦被定罪。波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納、塞爾維亞及克羅埃西亞的當地法院也對低階士兵和準軍事組織進行了審判。然而，由於 Slobodan Milosevic 於 2006 年去世且部分嫌疑人仍在潛逃，法律上尚未達成完全解決。

Forensic recovery has been difficult because the perpetrators deliberately moved bodies from primary to secondary mass graves to hide the evidence. To date, remains have been found in 150 locations, including 77 mass graves. Although thousands of victims are now buried at the Potocari Memorial Cemetery and other local sites, over 1,000 people are still missing. Experts rely heavily on DNA analysis to identify the victims, although the scattered nature of the remains often means that only partial sets of remains can be buried.

法醫恢復工作十分困難，因為犯罪者刻意將屍體從初次集體墳墓移至二次集體墳墓以掩蓋證據。截至目前，已在 150 個地點發現遺骸，其中包括 77 個集體墳墓。儘管數千名受害者現已安葬在 Potocari 紀念公墓及其他當地地點，但仍有 1,000 多人失蹤。專家高度依賴 DNA 分析來辨識受害者，但由於遺骸分佈零散，通常僅能埋葬部分遺骸。

The Srebrenica genocide remains the most significant legally recognized crime in Europe since World War II, marked by ongoing forensic work and a continuing search for justice.

Srebrenica 種族滅絕仍是第二次世界大戰以來歐洲最嚴重的法律認定罪行，其特點在於持續進行的法醫工作以及對正義的追求。

International and domestic judicial bodies have issued numerous convictions against Bosnian Serb leadership for the 1995 Srebrenica genocide, while forensic efforts continue to identify missing victims.

國際與國內司法機構已針對波士尼亞塞族領導層在1995年塞布雷尼察種族滅絕事件中的行為作出多次定罪，而法醫工作則持續致力於識別失蹤受害者的身份。

The events commenced on July 11, 1995, when Bosnian Serb forces, under the command of General Ratko Mladic, seized the UN-designated 'safe area' of Srebrenica. This operation resulted in the systematic separation and execution of at least 8,372 Bosniak males, while women, children, and the elderly were forcibly displaced. The International Court of Justice formally categorized these actions as genocide in 2007, predicated upon evidence from the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).

事件始於1995年7月11日，當時由拉特科·姆拉迪奇將軍指揮的波士尼亞塞族軍隊佔領了聯合國指定的「安全區」塞布雷尼察。此次行動導致至少8,372名波斯尼亞穆斯林男性被系統性地分離並處決，而婦女、兒童及老人則被強行驅逐。國際法院於2007年正式將這些行為定義為種族滅絕，其依據為前南斯拉夫問題國際刑事法庭（ICTY）提供的證據。

Institutional accountability has been pursued through a multi-tiered legal framework. The ICTY convicted high-ranking officials, including Ratko Mladic and Radovan Karadzic, both of whom received life sentences. Other significant convictions include security chiefs Vujadin Popovic and Ljubisa Beara, and Radislav Krstic, the first individual convicted of aiding and abetting the genocide. Domestic courts in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia have further adjudicated cases involving lower-level perpetrators and paramilitary units, such as the Scorpions. Despite these outcomes, the death of Slobodan Milosevic in 2006 and the continued evasion of certain suspects have precluded a total judicial resolution.

制度問責是透過一個多層次的法律框架來執行。ICTY定罪了多名高層官員，包括拉特科·姆拉迪奇與卡拉吉奇，兩人均被判處終身監禁。其他重要定罪包括安全主管波波維奇與貝拉，以及首個被判定協助及教唆種族滅絕的個人克里斯蒂奇。波士尼亞與赫戈維納、塞爾維亞及克羅埃西亞的國內法院進一步審理了涉及低階執行者與準軍事單位（如「蠍子」部隊）的案件。儘管有這些結果，但由於米洛舍維奇於2006年去世，加上部分嫌疑人持續逃避，導致司法上無法完全解決。

Forensic recovery operations have been complicated by the deliberate relocation of remains from primary to secondary mass graves to obstruct evidence. To date, remains have been retrieved from 150 locations, including 77 mass graves. While 6,772 victims are interred at the Potocari Memorial Cemetery and 250 in local sites, over 1,000 individuals remain missing. The identification process relies heavily on DNA analysis, though the dispersion of remains often necessitates the burial of incomplete sets of remains.

法醫回收工作因遺骸被刻意從第一處集體墳墓遷移至第二處以掩蓋證據，而變得複雜。迄今為止，已從150個地點回收遺骸，其中包括77座集體墳墓。雖然有6,772名受害者安葬於波托查里紀念公墓，250名安葬於當地地點，但仍有超過1,000人失蹤。身份識別過程高度依賴DNA分析，但由於遺骸分散，往往導致只能安葬不完整的遺骸。

The Srebrenica genocide remains the most significant legally recognized atrocity in post-WWII Europe, characterized by ongoing forensic recovery and a continuing judicial process.

塞布雷尼察種族滅絕是二戰後歐洲法律認可最嚴重的暴行，其特徵在於持續進行的法醫回收與司法程序。