Fourteen countries and the European Union say a 2016 law is correct. This law is about the South China Sea. China does not agree with this law.

十四個國家與歐盟表示 2016 年的法律是正確的。這項法律是關於南中國海的。中國不同意這項法律。

The US, UK, Japan, and other countries say the 2016 rule is the law. They say China has no legal right to the sea and the islands.

美國、英國、日本及其他國家表示 2016 年的規則即是法律。他們表示中國對這些海域和島嶼沒有合法權利。

These countries want ships and planes to move freely. They do not like it when China uses big ships to stop other countries.

這些國家希望船隻和飛機能自由通行。他們不喜歡中國使用大船來阻攔其他國家。

China says the 2016 rule is not real. China says the rule is wrong. China wants to make its own rules with other neighbors.

中國表示 2016 年的規則並非真實。中國表示該規則是錯誤的。中國希望與其他鄰國自行制定規則。

Many countries want to follow the 2016 law. China still says no. The two sides do not agree.

許多國家希望遵循 2016 年的法律。中國依然表示拒絕。雙方未能達成共識。

A group of fourteen countries and the European Union have officially confirmed that the 2016 international legal decision regarding maritime rights in the South China Sea is valid. However, the People's Republic of China continues to reject this ruling.

十四個國家與歐盟正式確認，關於南海海權的 2016 年國際法律裁決是有效的。然而，中華人民共和國持續拒絕該裁決。

The coalition includes the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, the Philippines, Canada, Germany, Italy, New Zealand, and several European nations. These countries assert that the July 2016 decision by the Arbitral Tribunal, based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), is final and legally binding. The tribunal concluded that China's claims to 'historic rights' within the 'nine-dash line' have no legal basis. This legal process began in 2013 after a conflict between the Philippines and China, although China refused to participate in the case.

該聯盟包括美國、英國、日本、澳洲、菲律賓、加拿大、德國、義大利、紐西蘭及數個歐洲國家。這些國家主張，仲裁庭根據《聯合國海洋法公約》（UNCLOS）於 2016 年 7 月做出的裁決是最終且具法律約束力的。仲裁庭判定，中國對「九段線」內「歷史權利」的主張沒有法律根據。此法律程序是在 2013 年菲律賓與中國發生衝突後開始的，儘管中國拒絕參與此案。

There is a clear disagreement between the two sides. The coalition emphasizes the importance of freedom of navigation and opposes the use of coast guard vessels to block legal activities. In contrast, the Chinese Foreign Ministry claims the ruling is 'null and void,' arguing that the tribunal did not have the authority to make the decision. While the coalition supports a system based on international law, China suggests that a 'Code of Conduct' with ASEAN is the best way to ensure regional stability.

雙方之間存在明顯分歧。聯盟強調航行自由的重要性，並反對使用海警船阻攔合法活動。相反，中國外交部聲稱該裁決「無效」，認為仲裁庭沒有權限做出決定。雖然聯盟支持基於國際法的體系，但中國認為與東協（ASEAN）建立「行為準則」才是確保區域穩定的最佳方式。

These tensions are high because the region is strategically important, as it handles about one-third of global trade and contains valuable oil, gas, and fish. Recently, there have been reports of Chinese vessels using water cannons and lasers against Philippine ships. Consequently, the United States has reminded China that its defense treaty with the Philippines covers armed attacks on Filipino vessels and aircraft in these waters.

由於該地區戰略地位極其重要，處理了全球約三分之一的貿易，且擁有豐富的石油、天然氣與漁業資源，因此緊張局勢高漲。近期有報告指出中國船隻對菲律賓船隻使用水炮與雷射。因此，美國提醒中國，其與菲律賓的防務條約涵蓋在該海域對菲律賓船隻與飛機的武裝攻擊。

The security situation in the region remains tense due to the fundamental disagreement between the international coalition and China's refusal to accept the legal ruling.

由於國際聯盟與中國拒絕接受法律裁決之間存在根本分歧，該地區的安全局勢依然緊張。

A coalition of fourteen nations and the European Union have formally reaffirmed the validity of the 2016 international arbitral decision concerning maritime entitlements in the South China Sea, a ruling which the People's Republic of China continues to repudiate.

由十四個國家組成的聯盟與歐盟正式重新確認 2016 年關於南海海域權利的國際仲裁決定為有效，而中華人民共和國則持續否認該裁決。

The diplomatic alignment consists of the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, the Philippines, Canada, Germany, Italy, New Zealand, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, and Slovenia. These signatories assert that the July 12, 2016, award issued by the Arbitral Tribunal under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) remains definitive and legally binding. The tribunal's primary determination was the absence of a legal foundation for China's expansive claims, specifically those predicated on 'historic rights' within the 'nine-dash line' framework. This legal process was initiated by the Philippines in 2013 following a maritime standoff at Scarborough Shoal; notably, China declined participation in the proceedings.

這次外交一致行動包括美國、英國、日本、澳洲、菲律賓、加拿大、德國、義大利、紐西蘭、愛沙尼亞、拉脫維亞、立陶宛、羅馬尼亞與斯洛維尼亞。這些簽署國主張，《聯合國海洋法公約》（UNCLOS）下仲裁庭於 2016 年 7 月 12 日發出的裁決依然是決定性且具法律約束力的。仲裁庭的主要判定是，中國擴張性的主張——特別是基於「九段線」框架內「歷史權利」的主張——缺乏法律依據。這一法律程序是由菲律賓在 2013 年於黃岩島發生海上對峙後發起的；值得注意的是，中國拒絕參與相關訴訟。

Stakeholder positioning reveals a profound divergence in legal interpretation. The coalition emphasizes the necessity of maintaining freedom of navigation and overflight, expressing opposition to the deployment of coast guard and maritime militia vessels to obstruct lawful operations. Conversely, the Chinese Foreign Ministry characterizes the award as 'null and void,' asserting that the tribunal exceeded its jurisdiction and violated the principle of state consent. Beijing maintains that its maritime rights are based on the Nanhai Zhudao and argues that the ruling has been instrumentalized by external powers to impede its development. While the coalition advocates for a rules-based order, China emphasizes the formulation of a Code of Conduct (COC) with ASEAN as the appropriate mechanism for regional stability.

利益相關者的立場顯示出在法律解釋上存在嚴重分歧。聯盟強調必須維持航行與飛越自由，並反對部署海岸警衛隊與海上民兵船隻以阻撓合法行動。相反，中國外交部將該裁決描述為「無效且不存在」，聲稱仲裁庭超越了管轄權，且違反了國家同意原則。北京方面堅持其海域權利基於「南海諸島」，並認為裁決被外部勢力利用以阻礙其發展。當聯盟倡導基於規則的秩序時，中國則強調與東協共同制定「南海行為準則」（COC）才是維持地區穩定的適當機制。

Geopolitical tensions are exacerbated by the strategic significance of the region, which facilitates approximately one-third of global maritime trade and contains substantial hydrocarbon and fisheries resources. Recent operational frictions include the reported use of water cannons and military-grade lasers by Chinese vessels against Philippine assets. In response to these developments, the United States has reiterated that its mutual defense treaty with the Philippines extends to armed attacks on Filipino vessels and aircraft within these contested waters.

由於該地區的戰略重要性，地緣政治緊張局勢進一步加劇，此處承載了全球約三分之一的海上貿易，並擁有大量的碳氫化合物與漁業資源。近期的行動摩擦包括據報中國船隻對菲律賓資產使用水炮與軍用級激光。針對這些發展，美國重申，其與菲律賓的共同防禦條約適用於在這些爭議水域內對菲律賓船隻與飛機發起的武裝攻擊。

The regional security environment remains characterized by a fundamental disagreement between a multilateral coalition upholding the 2016 arbitral award and China's steadfast refusal to recognize its legal legitimacy.

區域安全環境依然是以一個支持 2016 年仲裁裁決的多方聯盟，與中國堅決拒絕承認其法律合法性之間的根本分歧為特徵。