A group of experts in Melbourne is talking to Jewish students and teachers. They want to know about their lives in Australian universities.

墨爾本的一組專家正在與猶太學生和教師對話，他們想了解在澳洲大學的生活狀況。

Many Jewish people feel unsafe now. Some students say people shout mean words at them. Some people used Nazi signs. This made the students feel scared.

許多猶太人現在感到不安。有些學生表示有人對他們大聲辱罵。有些人使用了納粹符號，這讓學生們感到恐懼。

Some teachers say the universities did not help them. One professor said people in masks went into his office. Other teachers did not help him. One man lost his job after he called the police.

一些教師表示大學並沒有提供幫助。一位教授說有人戴著面具闖入他的辦公室，而其他教師沒有幫他。一名男子在報警後失去了工作。

The government wants to stop this. Now, all universities must write a clear rule about racism. They must do this by 2027. If they do not follow the rules, they must pay money.

政府希望停止這種情況。現在，所有大學必須在 2027 年前制定明確的反種族主義規則。如果他們不遵守規定，就必須支付罰金。

The experts are still talking to students and teachers. Soon, the heads of the universities will talk about these problems.

專家們仍在與學生和教師對話。不久後，大學校長將會討論這些問題。

The Royal Commission on Antisemitism and Social Cohesion has started hearings in Melbourne to examine the experiences of Jewish students and teachers in Australian universities.

反猶太主義與社會凝聚力皇家委員會已在墨爾本開始舉行聽證會，以調查澳洲大學中猶太學生與教師的經歷。

The hearings have focused on the increase in hostility toward Jewish people following the Hamas attacks in October 2023. Witnesses stated that hidden prejudice has turned into open harassment. For example, a student at the Australian National University (ANU) described a protest camp where people used offensive language and performed Nazi salutes. Similarly, a PhD student at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) testified that students performed Nazi salutes during a class, which he felt was a direct threat to his safety because of his family's history with the Holocaust.

聽證會重點關注 2023 年 10 月哈瑪斯襲擊後，對猶太人的敵意增加。證人表示，潛在的偏見已轉化為公開的騷擾。例如，澳洲國立大學 (ANU) 的一名學生描述了一個抗議營，其中有人使用冒犯性語言並執行納粹禮。同樣地，新南威爾斯大學 (UNSW) 的一名博士生作證，學生在課堂上執行納粹禮，由於其家族與大屠殺的歷史關聯，他認為這對其安全構成直接威脅。

Witnesses also claimed that university responses have been weak or even unfair to the victims. The UNSW academic mentioned that his job was negatively affected after he reported the incident to the police. At the University of Melbourne, Professor Steven Prawer described how masked protesters entered his office without permission, forcing him to install permanent security. Furthermore, Professor Prawer expressed concern that 150 of his colleagues signed a petition calling the protest acceptable, which he believes shows a failure in maintaining a safe academic environment.

證人還聲稱大學的反應微弱，甚至對受害者不公。該名 UNSW 學者提到，他在向警方舉報事件後，工作受到了負面影響。在墨爾本大學，Steven Prawer 教授描述了戴面具的抗議者如何在未經許可的情況下闖入其辦公室，迫使其安裝永久保安設施。此外，Prawer 教授對 150 位同事簽署請願書稱該抗議可被接受表示擔憂，他認為這顯示了在維持安全學術環境方面的失敗。

To address these problems, the Albanese government has announced that universities must adopt official definitions of racism and antisemitism by January 1, 2027. Although the government will not force schools to use one specific definition, institutions must create reliable frameworks and submit annual reports. Minister Jason Clare emphasized that new laws will be introduced to allow the regulator to fine universities that do not follow these rules.

為解決這些問題，Albanese 政府宣布，大學必須在 2027 年 1 月 1 日前採取官方對種族主義與反猶太主義的定義。雖然政府不會強迫學校使用單一特定定義，但機構必須建立可靠的框架並提交年度報告。部長 Jason Clare 強調，將引入新法，允許監管機構對不遵守這些規則的大學處以罰款。

The Royal Commission is continuing to collect evidence from staff and students, and vice-chancellors from major universities are expected to testify about how they have managed campus instability.

皇家委員會將繼續收集教職員與學生的證據，而各大大學的副校長預計將就其如何管理校園不穩定情況出庭作證。

The Royal Commission on Antisemitism and Social Cohesion has commenced hearings in Melbourne to analyze the experiences of Jewish students and academics within Australian tertiary institutions.

反猶太主義與社會凝聚力皇家委員會已在墨爾本開始聆訊，分析澳洲高等教育機構中猶太學生與學者的經歷。

The proceedings have focused on the escalation of hostility toward Jewish individuals following the October 2023 Hamas attacks. Testimonies indicate a transition from latent prejudice to overt harassment. For instance, a student at the Australian National University (ANU) reported the emergence of an encampment where individuals utilized derogatory epithets such as 'baby killer' and 'genocide supporter.' This witness further detailed the occurrence of Nazi salutes during counter-protests and the proliferation of rhetoric characterizing Zionism as a far-right project. Similarly, a PhD candidate at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) testified that students performed Nazi salutes during a business course, an act he perceived as a direct threat to his physical safety given his familial history with the Holocaust.

聆訊重點在於 2023 年 10 月哈瑪斯襲擊後，針對猶太人士的敵意有所升級。證詞顯示，偏見已從潛在轉變為公開的騷擾。例如，澳洲國立大學（ANU）一名學生舉報稱出現了營地，其中有人使用「殺嬰者」與「種族滅絕支持者」等侮辱性詞彙。該證人進一步詳細描述在反對抗議中出現過納粹禮，且將猶太復國主義定性為極右翼計劃的言論不斷擴散。同樣地，新南威爾斯大學（UNSW）一名博士候選人證稱，有學生在商務課程中執行納粹禮，鑑於其家庭有大屠殺背景，他認為此行為對其人身安全構成直接威脅。

Institutional responses have been characterized by witnesses as insufficient or punitive toward the victims. The aforementioned UNSW academic alleged that his employment was adversely affected after reporting the incident to law enforcement, leading to a dispute via the Fair Work Commission. At the University of Melbourne, Professor Steven Prawer described an incident involving the unauthorized entry of masked protesters into his office, which necessitated the implementation of permanent residential and professional security measures. Professor Prawer expressed concern regarding a petition signed by 150 colleagues who characterized the protest as acceptable, thereby suggesting a systemic failure in maintaining academic discourse.

證人將機構的反應描述為不足，或對受害者具有懲罰性。前述之 UNSW 學者指控，在向執法部門舉報事件後，其僱傭狀況受到不利影響，進而透過公平工作委員會（Fair Work Commission）展開爭議。在墨爾本大學，Steven Prawer 教授描述了一起事件，當時有戴面具的抗議者擅自進入其辦公室，迫使他必須在住家與工作場所採取永久性保安措施。Prawer 教授對一份由 150 名同事簽署、將該抗議定性為可接受的請願書表示擔憂，認為這暗示了在維護學術對話方面的系統性失敗。

In response to these systemic failures, the Albanese government has announced a mandate requiring universities to adopt formal definitions of racism and antisemitism by January 1, 2027. While the government will not impose a specific definition, such as the IHRA standard, institutions must establish credible frameworks and submit annual reports to the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Agency. Minister Jason Clare has indicated that legislation will be introduced to grant the regulator enhanced powers to issue fines for institutional non-compliance.

為應對這些系統性失敗，Albanese 政府已宣布一項指令，要求大學在 2027 年 1 月 1 日前採納正式的種族主義與反猶太主義定義。雖然政府不會強加特定定義（如 IHRA 標準），但機構必須建立可靠的框架，並向高等教育品質標準局提交年度報告。部長 Jason Clare 表示，將引入立法以賦予監管機構更強的權力，對不合規的機構處以罰款。

The Royal Commission continues to gather evidence from staff and students, with vice-chancellors from major universities expected to testify regarding their administrative responses to campus instability.

皇家委員會將繼續收集教職員與學生的證據，預計各大大學的副校長亦將針對校園動盪的行政反應出庭作證。