The Trump government changed how it controls universities. It does not just investigate a few schools now. Instead, it makes new rules for all schools.

川普政府改變了監管大學的方式。現在不再僅僅調查少數學校，而是為所有學校制定新規定。

Before, the government looked at specific schools. Now, they make new laws. These laws say schools must have different ideas. The government also says schools cannot use federal money for DEI programs.

以前，政府針對特定學校進行調查。現在，他們制定了新法律。這些法律規定學校必須接納不同的觀點。政府還表示，學校不能將聯邦資金用於 DEI（多元、平等與包容）計畫。

Some people like these rules. They say it helps schools talk. Other people are afraid. They say teachers cannot speak freely now.

有些人認同這些規定，認為這有助於學校交流。但有些人則感到擔憂，認為教師現在無法自由發言。

The Department of Justice is also looking at medical schools. They want to stop schools from using race to pick students. They are checking 15 medical schools now.

司法部也正在調查醫學院。他們希望阻止學校在選拔學生時考慮種族因素。目前他們正在檢查 15 所醫學院。

The government now uses big rules to stop DEI and race-based admissions in colleges.

政府現在利用大範圍的規定，來停止大學在入學時使用 DEI 和種族基準的做法。

The Trump administration has changed how it influences higher education, moving away from investigating individual colleges and instead focusing on creating broad federal regulations.

川普政府改變了影響高等教育的方式，不再調查個別大學，而是集中於制定廣泛的聯邦法規。

Previously, the administration started many investigations into specific campuses, which some officials described as a way to get attention. However, after courts stopped funding cuts at Harvard and UCLA, and because there were fewer civil rights lawyers available, the government changed its strategy. Consequently, the administration is now using the formal rulemaking process to turn its priorities into federal law without needing approval from Congress.

先前，政府對許多特定校園發起調查，部分官員將其描述為一種吸引關注的方式。然而，在法院阻止了對哈佛大學與 UCLA 削減資金，且民權律師人數減少後，政府改變了策略。因此，政府目前正利用正式的制定規則程序，將其優先事項轉化為聯邦法律，而無需經過國會批准。

A key part of this change is a proposal to change the accreditation process, which would require universities to show 'intellectual diversity.' Furthermore, federal agencies have proposed rules to ensure that government grants do not support diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs. While some academic leaders believe this provides a clear structure for discussion, others emphasize that these rules create a 'chilling effect' on academic freedom and the independence of professors.

這項改變的一個關鍵部分是關於修改認證流程的提案，該提案要求大學展現「思想多樣性」。此外，聯邦機構提出了相關規則，以確保政府撥款不會支持多樣性、公平與包容（DEI）計畫。雖然部分學術領袖認為這為討論提供了清晰的結構，但其他人則強調，這些規則對學術自由與教授的獨立性產生了「寒蟬效應」。

At the same time, the Department of Justice (DoJ) has increased its focus on how students are admitted to medical schools. After finding that Yale and UCLA used illegal racial preferences, the DoJ began investigating 15 other medical schools to ensure they follow civil rights laws. This effort aims to remove race as a factor in admissions, even though the Supreme Court allows universities to consider a student's personal experiences. Because the government is focusing on these complex data cases, there has been a decrease in general campus investigations compared to last year.

與此同時，司法部（DoJ）增加了對醫學院招生方式的關注。在發現耶魯大學與 UCLA 使用非法種族偏好後，司法部開始調查其他 15 所醫學院，以確保其遵守民權法。此舉旨在將種族從招生因素中剔除，儘管最高法院允許大學考慮學生的個人經歷。由於政府目前專注於這些複雜的數據案例，與去年相比，一般的校園調查有所減少。

The federal government has moved from confronting individual universities to creating a system of rules designed to remove DEI policies and race-based admissions.

聯邦政府已從對抗個別大學，轉向建立一套旨在剔除 DEI 政策與種族招生制度的規則。

The Trump administration has shifted its methodology for influencing higher education, moving from targeted institutional investigations toward the implementation of systemic federal regulations.

川普政府改變了影響高等教育的方法，從針對單一機構的調查，轉向實施系統性的聯邦規管。

The administration's previous strategy focused on the initiation of numerous investigations into specific campuses, a tactic characterized by former Education Department official Catherine Lhamon as performative. However, judicial interventions—specifically those preventing funding reductions at Harvard and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)—and a depletion of civil rights legal personnel have necessitated a strategic pivot. Consequently, the administration is now pursuing the codification of its policy priorities through the formal rulemaking process, which allows for the establishment of federal law without congressional approval.

政府之前的策略集中於針對特定校園發起大量調查，前教育部官員 Catherine Lhamon 將此策略形容為「表演性」。然而，由於司法干預——特別是防止哈佛大學與加州大學洛杉磯分校 (UCLA) 資金削減的裁決——以及民權法律專業人員的短缺，使得策略必須轉向。因此，政府目前正透過正式的規則制定程序，將其政策優先事項法制化，這使得在無需國會批准的情況下即可制定聯邦法律。

Central to this regulatory shift is the proposal to modify the accreditation process, requiring that institutions demonstrate 'intellectual diversity.' Furthermore, the Office of Management and Budget and the General Services Administration have proposed mandates ensuring that federal grants do not support diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives or concepts that contradict the biological sex binary. While some academic leaders, such as Ted Mitchell of the American Council on Education, suggest this transition provides a structured framework for dialogue, others, including the American Association of University Professors, report a chilling effect on academic expression and faculty autonomy.

這次規管轉型的核心在於擬修改認證程序，要求機構證明其具備「思想多樣性」。此外，管理與預算局以及總務管理局已提出強制要求，確保聯邦撥款不支援多樣性、公平與包容 (DEI) 倡議，或與生物性別二元論相抵觸的概念。雖然部分學術領袖（如美國教育委員會的 Ted Mitchell）認為此轉型為對話提供了結構化框架，但其他人士（包括美國大學教授協會）則報告稱，這對學術表達與教職人員的自主權產生了寒蟬效應。

Concurrent with these systemic changes, the Department of Justice (DoJ) has intensified its focus on admissions practices. Following determinations that Yale and UCLA medical schools engaged in illegal racial preferences, the DoJ has commenced investigations into 15 additional medical schools to ensure compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act. This effort is part of a broader initiative to eliminate the use of race in admissions, despite Supreme Court guidance permitting the holistic evaluation of an applicant's personal experiences. This focus on data-intensive admissions cases accounts for the observed decrease in the volume of general campus investigations compared to the previous calendar year.

與這些系統性變革同時進行的，是司法部 (DoJ) 加強了對招生做法的關注。在判定耶魯大學與 UCLA 醫學院存在非法種族偏好後，司法部已對另外 15 所醫學院啟動調查，以確保符合《民權法》第六條。儘管最高法院的指引允許對申請人的個人經驗進行整體評估，但此舉仍是旨在消除招生中種族因素之更廣泛計劃的一部分。由於對這類數據密集型招生案件的關注，導致與上一曆年相比，一般校園調查的數量有所下降。

The federal government has transitioned from a model of individual institutional confrontation to a systemic regulatory framework aimed at eliminating DEI policies and race-conscious admissions.

聯邦政府已從單一機構對抗模式，轉型為一套系統性規管框架，旨在消除 DEI 政策與考慮種族的招生做法。