Soldiers and opposition groups fought in Mogadishu. They fought because they disagree about the president's time in power.

士兵與反對派在摩加迪沙發生衝突。他們衝突的原因是對總統的任期持有不同意見。

President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud wants to stay in power for one more year. He says this is for the good of the country. But other leaders say this is illegal. Some states also want to leave the government.

總統哈桑·謝赫·穆罕默德希望能延長執政一年。他表示這是為了國家的利益。但其他領導人認為這是非法的。部分州也希望脫離政府。

Fighting started on Wednesday. Soldiers and opposition groups fought near the homes of old leaders. The government said the opposition was dangerous. Many people left their homes. A big market closed and the city lost a lot of money.

衝突於週三爆發。士兵與反對派在前領導人的住所附近發生激戰。政府表示反對派具有危險性。許多民眾離開了家園。一個大型市場被迫關閉，導致城市遭受重大經濟損失。

For a long time, clan leaders chose the president. Now, the government wants people to vote. But some people say the country is not safe for voting. There is no special court to solve this problem.

長期以來，總統一直由部落領袖選出。現在，政府希望由民眾投票決定。但部分人士認為目前國家環境並不安全，無法進行投票。且缺乏專門的法院來解決此問題。

The government says the fighting stopped. But the leaders still disagree about the law.

政府表示衝突已經停止。但領導人們對於法律問題仍無法達成一致。

Mogadishu recently saw serious armed clashes between federal government forces and opposition groups following a disagreement over the extension of the president's term.

由於對總統任期延長存在分歧，摩加迪休最近發生了聯邦政府軍與反對派團體之間的嚴重武裝衝突。

The current instability is based on a constitutional disagreement regarding President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud's term. The government emphasizes that parliamentary changes legally extended the president's term by one year from May 15. They argue this is necessary to move toward a direct 'one-person, one-vote' election system. However, the opposition, known as the Somali Future Council, claims this extension is an illegal attempt to hold onto power. Furthermore, the situation is made worse because the Puntland and Jubaland states have left the federal system, while Somaliland continues to act independently.

目前的動盪源於對總統哈桑·謝赫·穆罕默德任期的憲法分歧。政府強調，議會的變動合法地將總統任期自 5 月 15 日起延長一年。他們認為這對於邁向直接的「一人一票」選舉制度是必要的。然而，被稱為「索馬利亞未來委員會」的反對派聲稱，此次延長是企圖非法把持權力的手段。此外，由於龐特蘭與朱巴蘭州已退出聯邦體制，而索馬利蘭則繼續獨立行動，使得情況更加惡化。

Fighting began on Wednesday near the homes of former Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire and former President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed. The violence was caused by a dispute over private security guards during planned opposition protests, which the government viewed as a threat to city stability. Consequently, these clashes forced about 12,500 households to leave their homes and caused major economic damage. For example, the Bakara market closed and Maka al-Mukarama Road was blocked. The deputy governor of the central bank estimated that commercial losses reached approximately $3.8 million.

衝突於週三在前總理哈桑·阿里·海爾與前總統謝赫·沙里夫·謝赫·艾哈邁德的住宅附近爆發。暴力事件是由計劃中的反對派抗議活動期間，關於私人保安人員的爭執所引起，政府將其視為對城市穩定的威脅。因此，這些衝突迫使約 12,500 戶家庭離開家園，並造成重大經濟損失。例如，巴卡拉市場關閉且馬卡·穆卡拉馬路被封鎖。中央銀行副行長估計，商業損失約達 380 萬美元。

Since 2012, Somalia has used an indirect election system managed by clan elders, but many critics argue this system is too open to corruption. On the other hand, opponents of the current government assert that direct elections are not yet possible because there is no official census and security is insufficient. Because there is no constitutional court to settle these legal arguments, the state remains in a dangerous position, similar to the political deadlock seen in 2021.

自 2012 年起，索馬利亞一直使用由部落長老管理的間接選舉制度，但許多批評者認為該制度過於容易滋生腐敗。另一方面，現任政府的反對者主張，由於尚未進行正式人口普查且治安不足，目前尚不可能舉行直接選舉。由於缺乏憲法法院來解決這些法律爭議，該國仍處於危險境地，類似於 2021 年出現的政治僵局。

Although the federal government says that order has returned and opposition militias have been disarmed, the basic constitutional disagreements have not been solved.

雖然聯邦政府表示秩序已恢復且反對派民兵已被解除武裝，但基本的憲法分歧尚未解決。

Mogadishu recently experienced significant armed confrontations between federal government forces and opposition elements following a disagreement over presidential term extensions.

由於在總統任期延長問題上存在分歧，摩加迪沙近期發生了聯邦政府軍與反對派之間激烈的武裝衝突。

The current instability is predicated upon a constitutional impasse regarding the mandate of President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. The administration asserts that parliamentary amendments lawfully extended the executive term by one year from May 15, citing the necessity of transitioning to a direct, one-person, one-vote electoral system to advance state-building. Conversely, the opposition—organized as the Somali Future Council—characterizes this extension as an illegal seizure of power. This friction is exacerbated by the withdrawal of the Puntland and Jubaland federal states from the federal system and the continued autonomy of Somaliland, indicating a systemic fragmentation of the national framework.

目前的不穩定源於關於總統 Hassan Sheikh Mohamud 任期的憲法僵局。政府聲稱，議會修訂已合法將行政任期自 5 月 15 日起延長一年，理由是為了推進國家建設，必須過渡到直接一人一票的選舉制度。相反，由「索馬利亞未來委員會」組成的反對派將此次延長定調為非法奪權。此外，龐特蘭 (Puntland) 與朱巴蘭 (Jubaland) 聯邦州退出聯邦體制，以及索馬利蘭 (Somaliland) 持續保持自治，顯示出國家框架的系統性碎片化，使衝突更加劇烈。

Kinetic engagement commenced on Wednesday, centered around the residences of former Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire and former President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed. The conflict was precipitated by a dispute over the deployment of private security details during planned opposition demonstrations, which the government deemed a threat to urban stability. The resulting clashes led to the displacement of approximately 12,500 households and caused significant economic disruption, including the closure of the Bakara market and the sealing of Maka al-Mukarama Road. The deputy governor of the central bank projected direct commercial losses at approximately $3.8 million.

武裝衝突於週三爆發，集中在前總理 Hassan Ali Khaire 與前總統 Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed 的住宅周邊。衝突起因於反對派在計畫示威期間部署私人安保人員引發爭議，政府認為此舉威脅城市穩定。隨後的衝突導致約 12,500 個家庭流離失所，並造成嚴重經濟損失，包括 Bakara 市場關閉及 Maka al-Mukarama 路被封鎖。央行副行長預計直接商業損失約 380 萬美元。

Historically, the Somali state has relied on an indirect electoral mechanism mediated by clan elders since 2012, a system criticized by proponents of the new amendments for its susceptibility to corruption. However, critics of the current administration argue that the lack of a census and inadequate security infrastructure render a direct election premature. The absence of a constitutional court to adjudicate these competing interpretations of the provisional constitution has left the state in a precarious position, mirroring the political deadlock observed in 2021.

從歷史來看，索馬利亞自 2012 年以來一直依賴由部落長老調停的間接選舉機制，但新修訂的支持者批評該制度容易滋生腐敗。然而，現任政府的批評者則認為，在缺乏人口普查且安保基礎設施不足的情況下，舉行直接選舉為時過早。由於缺乏憲法法院來裁決對臨時憲法相互衝突的解釋，使得國家處於危險境地， mirroring 2021 年觀察到的政治僵局。

While the federal government reports the restoration of order and the disarmament of opposition militias, the underlying constitutional disagreements remain unresolved.

儘管聯邦政府報告稱已恢復秩序並解除反對派民兵的武裝，但底層的憲法分歧仍未解決。