The sun has a big storm. This storm makes colorful lights in the sky. People in North America and Europe can see these lights.

太陽發生了一場強大的風暴。這次風暴在天空中產生了彩色的光芒。北美和歐洲的人們都可以看到這些光芒。

The storm started on June 2. A special spot on the sun sent out strong energy. Two clouds of energy hit each other. This made the storm very strong.

風暴於 6 月 2 日開始。太陽上的一個特殊區域釋放出強大能量。兩團能量雲相互碰撞，使得風暴變得非常強大。

Now, the lights in the sky move south. People in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and England may see them. You can see the lights if the sky is clear and there are no clouds.

現在，天空中的光芒向南移動。俄亥俄州、賓夕法尼亞州和英國的人們可能會看到。只要天空晴朗且沒有雲層，您就可以看到這些光芒。

Some radios and satellites might have problems. Power systems might also have problems. But the storm is not dangerous for people on Earth.

部分無線電和衛星可能會出現問題。電力系統也可能出現問題。但這次風暴對地球上的人類並不危險。

The storm is still here. People can see the lights in the US and Europe until June 5.

風暴仍然存在。美國和歐洲的人們直到 6 月 5 日之前都可以看到這些光芒。

A series of solar events from sunspot 4455 has caused a G3-level geomagnetic storm. This event may allow the northern lights (aurora borealis) to be seen in the middle regions of North America and Europe.

太陽黑子 4455 引起的一系列太陽事件導致了一次 G3 級的地磁暴。這次事件可能會讓北美與歐洲的中部地區看到北極光。

These atmospheric events began on June 2 due to activity in sunspot 4455. This is an 'anti-Hale' sunspot, which means its magnetic polarity is the opposite of what is usually seen. Because this is rare, it created instability that led to powerful X-class solar flares and several coronal mass ejections (CMEs). A key event happened when a fast CME caught up to and merged with a slower one, creating what NASA calls a 'cannibal' merger. Consequently, these merged clouds carry much more energy than single solar events.

這些大氣事件始於 6 月 2 日，是由於太陽黑子 4455 的活動所引起。這是一個「反黑勒」（anti-Hale）太陽黑子，意味著它的磁極性與通常見到的相反。由於這種情況十分罕見，因此產生了不穩定性，導致強大的 X 級太陽耀斑以及多次日冕物質拋射（CMEs）。一個關鍵事件發生在快速的 CME 追上並與較慢的 CME 合併時，創造了 NASA 所稱的「食人」合併。因此，這些合併後的雲團攜帶的能量遠高於單一的太陽事件。

As a result, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has monitored a G3-level storm that could increase to G4. These energetic particles interact with Earth's magnetic field, pushing the aurora borealis further south. For example, the lights may be visible in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New England, and parts of the UK. While the solar maximum of October 2024 suggests this volatility will continue, visibility in specific areas still depends on local weather and cloud cover.

因此，美國國家海洋暨大氣管理局（NOAA）監測到一場 G3 級風暴，且等級可能會上升至 G4。這些高能粒子與地球磁場相互作用，將北極光推向更南方的地區。例如，俄亥俄州、賓夕法尼亞州、新英格蘭地區以及英國部分地區可能會看到極光。雖然 2024 年 10 月的太陽極大期顯示這種波動將會持續，但特定區域的能見度仍取決於當地天氣與雲層遮蓋情況。

Regarding the impact on technology, officials have remained cautious. The Space Weather Prediction Center emphasized that while there could be disruptions to radio signals, satellites, and power grids, there is no significant threat to human health or ground infrastructure. For those wishing to photograph the event, experts suggest using stabilization equipment and specific camera settings to avoid blur and capture more light.

關於對科技的影響，相關官員保持謹慎。太空天氣預報中心強調，雖然無線電訊號、衛星與電網可能會受到干擾，但對人類健康或地面基礎設施沒有顯著威脅。對於希望拍攝此次事件的人，專家建議使用穩定設備及特定的相機設定，以避免模糊並捕捉更多光線。

The geomagnetic storm continues to affect Earth's magnetic field, meaning the aurora may remain visible across the US and Europe until June 5.

地磁暴持續影響地球磁場，這意味著北極光可能會在美國與歐洲部分地區一直可見至 6 月 5 日。

A series of solar events originating from sunspot 4455 has resulted in a G3-level geomagnetic storm, potentially extending the visibility of the aurora borealis into mid-latitude regions of North America and Europe.

一系列源自於太陽黑子 4455 的太陽事件導致了一次 G3 級地磁風暴，可能將北極光的能見度延伸至北美與歐洲的中緯度地區。

The current atmospheric phenomena are predicated upon activity initiated on June 2, involving sunspot 4455. This region is identified as an 'anti-Hale' sunspot, characterized by a magnetic polarity inverse to standard configurations—a rarity occurring in fewer than 10% of such solar features. This inversion is associated with heightened instability, which facilitated the emission of high-intensity X-class solar flares and multiple coronal mass ejections (CMEs). A critical development occurred when a high-velocity CME overtook a preceding, slower emission, resulting in a 'cannibal' merger. NASA indicates that such mergers produce 'complex ejecta,' which possess the capacity to transport significantly greater energy than isolated solar events.

目前的氣象現象是基於 6 月 2 日由太陽黑子 4455 引起的活動。該區域被定義為「反哈勒」（anti-Hale）太陽黑子，特徵是磁極性與標準配置相反——在該類太陽特徵中，發生率低於 10%，極為罕見。這種反轉與高度不穩定性相關，促使了高強度 X 級太陽耀斑與多次日冕物質拋射（CMEs）的發生。關鍵的發展在於，一次高速 CME 追上並吞噬了先前較慢的拋射，導致了「食人」合併。NASA 指出，此類合併會產生「複雜拋射物」，其輸送能量的能力遠高於單一的太陽事件。

Consequently, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Space Weather Prediction Center have monitored a G3-level storm, with the potential for escalation to G4. The interaction between these energized particles and the Earth's magnetosphere facilitates the displacement of the aurora borealis from polar regions toward the south. Specifically, visibility is projected for regions including Ohio, Pennsylvania, and various New England states, as well as central England and Wales. While the solar maximum reached in October 2024 suggests a prolonged period of such volatility, the immediate visibility in regions like Ohio remains contingent upon meteorological conditions, specifically the prevalence of cloud cover and precipitation as forecasted by the National Weather Service.

因此，美國國家海洋暨大氣管理局（NOAA）與太空天氣預報中心監測到一次 G3 級風暴，且有升級至 G4 的潛力。這些高能粒子與地球磁層的交互作用，促使北極光從極地區向南遷移。具體而言，預計俄亥俄州、賓夕法尼亞州、多個新英格蘭州，以及英格蘭中部與威爾斯將可觀測到。儘管 2024 年 10 月達到的太陽極大期顯示此類波動將持續一段時間，但俄亥俄州等地區的即時能見度仍取決於氣象條件，特別是國家氣象局預測的雲量與降雨量。

Institutional assessments regarding infrastructure impact remain conservative. While the Space Weather Prediction Center notes potential disruptions to radio communications, satellite operations, and power grids, researchers maintain that no significant threat to ground-based infrastructure or human health is anticipated. Technical guidance for the documentation of these events emphasizes the necessity of stabilization equipment and specific optical settings to mitigate motion blur and maximize light capture.

機構對於基礎設施影響的評估仍保持保守。雖然太空天氣預報中心指出無線電通訊、衛星操作與電網可能受到干擾，但研究人員認為，預計不會對地面基礎設施或人類健康構成重大威脅。關於記錄這些事件的技術指南強調，必須使用穩定設備與特定的光學設定，以減少動態模糊並最大化光線捕捉。

The geomagnetic storm continues to influence the Earth's magnetic field, maintaining the possibility of auroral sightings across the United States and Europe through June 5.

地磁風暴持續影響地球磁場，直到 6 月 5 日為止，美國與歐洲仍有機會觀測到極光。