A bad fly called the screwworm is back in Texas and New Mexico. These flies hurt farm animals and people.

一種被稱為螺旋蠅的有害蒼蠅在德克薩斯州和新墨西哥州再次出現。這些蒼蠅會傷害農場動物和人類。

Five animals have the fly now. Four cows in Texas and one dog in New Mexico are sick. The flies came from Central America and Mexico.

目前有五隻動物感染了這種蒼蠅。德克薩斯州的四隻牛和新墨西哥州的一隻狗染病。這些蒼蠅來自中美洲和墨西哥。

These flies are dangerous. The mother fly puts eggs in open cuts. The baby flies eat the living skin of the animal or person. This can kill them.

這些蒼蠅非常危險。母蠅會在開放性傷口中產卵。幼蟲會啃食動物或人類的活體組織。這可能會導致死亡。

The government is fighting the flies. They make special male flies that cannot have babies. They let millions of these flies go every week. This stops the bad flies from growing.

政府正在與這些蒼蠅作戰。他們製造了無法繁殖後代的特製雄蠅。他們每週地釋放數以百萬計的這類蒼蠅。這能阻止有害蒼蠅的增長。

The screwworm is in the US again. The government is working hard to stop the flies with science.

螺旋蠅再次出現在美國。政府正努力利用科學方法來阻止這些蒼蠅。

The New World screwworm has been found in Texas and New Mexico. This indicates that previous efforts to keep the parasite out have failed, creating a potential threat to both livestock and human health.

在新墨西哥州和德克薩斯州發現了新世界螺旋蠅。這表明先前防止寄生蟲進入的努力已失敗，對牲畜和人類健康構成了潛在威脅。

Currently, there are five confirmed cases in the U.S.: four calves in Texas and one dog in New Mexico. The USDA stated that the New Mexico case might be isolated, although they are still investigating the animal's travel history to Mexico. This return happened because the parasite moved north from the Darién Gap around 2022, affecting Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Mexico. Experts emphasize that a full-scale return could cause huge financial losses, potentially costing Texas producers $732 million and the wider state economy $1.8 billion annually.

目前美國有五起確認病例：德克薩斯州四隻小牛和新墨西哥州一隻狗。美國農業部（USDA）表示，新墨西哥州的病例可能是單一事件，儘管他們仍在調查該動物前往墨西哥的旅行史。這次回歸是因為寄生蟲在2022年左右從達連地峽向北遷移，影響了巴拿馬、哥斯大黎加、尼加拉瓜和墨西哥。專家強調，如果全面回歸可能會造成巨大的財務損失，德州生產者每年可能損失 7.32 億美元，而整個州的經濟每年可能損失 18 億美元。

Biologically, the screwworm is a fly whose larvae eat living tissue instead of dead matter. The female fly lays eggs in open wounds, and the larvae then burrow into the host, which can lead to severe infections or death. While livestock are the main economic concern, there is also a risk to humans. The CDC reported 2,100 human cases by June 8, with deaths occurring mostly in people with weak immune systems. Infestations in the scalp are particularly dangerous, as they can penetrate the skull and have an 8% mortality rate.

從生物學上講，螺旋蠅是一種幼蟲食用活組織而非死組織的蠅類。雌蠅在開放性傷口中產卵，幼蟲隨後鑽入宿主體內，可能導致嚴重感染或死亡。雖然牲畜是主要的經濟考量，但人類也面臨風險。美國疾病管制與預防中心（CDC）報告到截至6月8日共有 2,100 起人類病例，死亡病例主要發生在免疫系統較弱的人群中。頭皮感染尤為危險，因為它們可以穿透頭骨，致死率達 8%。

To fight this, authorities are using the 'Sterile Fly Technique,' which involves releasing sterile male flies to stop the population from growing. The USDA is currently releasing eight million sterile flies and pupae every week in South Texas. Furthermore, new facilities are being built in Mexico and Texas to increase production. Meanwhile, Canada has placed temporary restrictions on livestock imports from affected U.S. areas to protect its markets, although experts believe the cold Canadian climate will prevent the parasite from settling there permanently.

為了對抗這一問題，當局正採用「不育蠅技術」，即釋放不育的雄蠅以阻止族群增長。美國農業部目前在南德州每週釋放 800 萬隻不育蠅和蛹。此外，墨西哥和德州正在建設新設施以增加產量。與此同時，加拿大對來自美國受影響地區的牲畜進口實施臨時限制以保護其市場，儘管專家認為加拿大寒冷的氣候將防止寄生蟲在當地永久定居。

The New World screwworm has returned to the U.S. through Texas and New Mexico, leading to the mass release of sterile insects and increased veterinary monitoring.

新世界螺旋蠅經由德克薩斯州和新墨西哥州重返美國，導致大規模釋放不育昆蟲並增加獸醫監測。

The New World screwworm has been detected in Texas and New Mexico, signaling a breach of previous containment barriers and a potential threat to livestock and human health.

在新墨西哥州與德州發現了新世界螺旋蠅，顯示先前的防控屏障已被突破，對牲畜與人類健康構成潛在威脅。

The current epidemiological situation is characterized by five confirmed cases in the United States: four involving calves in Zavala and La Salle counties, Texas, and one involving a canine in Lea County, New Mexico. The USDA has indicated that the New Mexico case may be isolated, though the animal's travel history to Mexico remains under investigation. This resurgence follows a northward migration of the parasite from the Darién Gap, where containment failed circa 2022, subsequently affecting Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Mexico. The USDA estimates that a full-scale resurgence could impose an annual economic burden of $732 million on Texas producers and $1.8 billion on the broader state economy.

目前的流行病學情況是以美國五起確診病例為特徵：四起涉及德克薩斯州 Zavala 與 La Salle 縣的小牛，以及一起涉及新墨西哥州 Lea 縣的犬隻。美國農業部 (USDA) 指出，新墨西哥州的病例可能是單一事件，但該動物前往墨西哥的旅行史仍在調查中。此次復發是隨著寄生蟲從 Darién Gap 向北遷移，該地的防控在 2022 年左右失效，隨後影響到巴拿馬、哥斯大黎加、尼加拉瓜與墨西哥。USDA 估計，全面復發可能每年給德州生產者帶來 7.32 億美元的經濟負擔，並對整個州經濟造成 18 億美元的損失。

Biologically, Cochliomyia hominivorax is a parasitic blowfly whose larvae consume living tissue rather than necrotic matter. The parasite's lifecycle involves a single mating event for the female, who deposits eggs in open wounds or mucous membranes. The resulting larvae bore into the host, potentially causing systemic sepsis or mortality. While livestock are the primary economic concern, clinical data from Central America demonstrate significant human risk. The CDC reported 2,100 human cases as of June 8, with fatalities occurring primarily in individuals with comorbid immune or organ dysfunction. Documented human infestations have occurred in the scalp, oral cavity, and anal region, with scalp infestations presenting a specific risk of cranial penetration and an 8% mortality rate.

在生物學上，Cochliomyia hominivorax 是一種寄生蒼蠅，其幼蟲食用活組織而非壞死組織。該寄生蟲的生命週期涉及雌性一次交配，隨後將卵產於開放性傷口或黏膜中。產生的幼蟲會鑽入宿主體內，可能導致全身性敗血症或死亡。雖然牲畜是主要的經濟考量，但來自中美洲的臨床數據顯示人類面臨顯著風險。CDC 報告截至 6 月 8 日共有 2,100 例人類病例，死亡病例主要發生在患有共病免疫或器官功能障礙的個體中。紀錄顯示人類感染部位出現在頭皮、口腔及肛門區域，其中頭皮感染具有穿透顱骨的特定風險，死亡率為 8%。

Institutional responses have focused on the Sterile Fly Technique, a biological intervention involving the release of gamma-irradiated sterile males to collapse the population. The USDA is currently dispersing four million sterile flies and four million pupae weekly in South Texas. Further infrastructure investments include a $21 million facility in Mexico and a $750 million factory in Texas, the latter capable of producing 300 million sterile flies weekly by autumn. Concurrently, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has implemented temporary livestock import restrictions from affected U.S. regions to mitigate export market volatility, although experts suggest the Canadian climate precludes a permanent establishment of the parasite.

機構回應集中於「不育蠅技術」，這是一種生物干預措施，透過釋放經過伽馬射線照射的不育雄蠅來使族群崩潰。USDA 目前每週在南德州釋放 400 萬隻不育蠅與 400 萬個蛹。進一步的基礎設施投資包括在墨西哥建立一座 2,100 萬美元的設施，以及在德州建立一座 7.5 億美元的工廠，後者預計到秋季每週能生產 3 億隻不育蠅。同時，加拿大食品檢驗局已對來自美國受影響地區的牲畜進口實施臨時限制，以緩解出口市場的波動，儘管專家認為加拿大氣候使得該寄生蟲無法永久定居。

The New World screwworm has re-entered the U.S. via Texas and New Mexico, prompting large-scale sterile insect technique deployments and heightened veterinary surveillance.

新世界螺旋蠅透過德州與新墨西哥州重新進入美國，促使大規模部署不育昆蟲技術並強化獸醫監測。