Ukraine is attacking Russian oil plants and military sites. This makes it hard for Russia to make and move fuel.

烏克蘭正攻擊俄羅斯的石油廠與軍事基地，這使得俄羅斯難以製造與運輸燃料。

Ukraine hits special machines in the oil plants. These machines are hard to fix because other countries will not sell new parts to Russia. Now, Russia makes much less oil than last year.

烏克蘭擊中了石油廠內的特殊設備。由於其他國家不會向俄羅斯出售新零件，這些設備難以維修。目前俄羅斯的石油產量比去年大幅減少。

Ukraine also attacks ports and oil sites near the sea. They want to stop Russia from making money for its army. Some missiles can now hit targets very far away.

烏克蘭也攻擊了近海的港口與石油設施。他們希望阻止俄羅斯為其軍隊獲取資金。某些飛彈現在能擊中極遠的目標。

Russia has problems with fuel. Fourteen areas, including Moscow, do not have enough gas. The Russian government stopped selling some fuel to other countries to keep it for themselves.

俄羅斯面臨燃料問題。包括莫斯科在內的十四個地區汽油不足。俄羅斯政府已停止向其他國家出售部分燃料，以留給國內使用。

Ukraine is using long-range weapons to break Russia's energy system. This hurts Russia's fuel supply and its money.

烏克蘭正利用遠程武器摧毀俄羅斯的能源系統，這損害了俄羅斯的燃料供應與財政。

Ukraine has increased its air attacks on Russian energy and military sites. These operations have caused a drop in production and created serious problems for Russia's transport and logistics.

烏克蘭增加了對俄羅斯能源與軍事設施的空中攻擊。這些行動導致產量下降，並為俄羅斯的運輸與物流帶來嚴重問題。

Ukrainian forces have changed their strategy to target specialized parts of refineries, such as hydrocrackers. According to experts from Kpler and the Center on Global Energy Policy, destroying these complex components creates major delays because the machinery is hard to replace, especially due to Western sanctions. Data shows that production capacity dropped by about 1.2 to 1.3 million barrels per day in May compared to last year. Furthermore, Ukraine has repeatedly attacked the same sites, like the Tuapse complex, to prevent them from being repaired.

烏克蘭軍隊改變了策略，將目標對準精煉廠的專門部件，例如加氫裂化裝置。根據 Kpler 和全球能源政策中心的專家指出，破壞這些複雜組件會導致嚴重延遲，因為這些機械難以更換，特別是在西方制裁的情況下。數據顯示，今年 5 月的產能與去年相比下降了約 120 萬至 130 萬桶/日。此外，烏克蘭多次攻擊相同地點（如 Tuapse 綜合設施），以防止其進行維修。

At the same time, Ukraine has targeted ports and export facilities. Recent strikes hit a sea terminal in the Krasnodar region and an oil plant in Volgograd. The Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) emphasized that these attacks aim to reduce the money Russia can spend on its military. However, some sites have recovered quickly, such as the Ust-Luga terminal. Additionally, the use of FP-5 Flamingo missiles has allowed Ukraine to hit targets more than 900 kilometers away from the front line.

與此同時，烏克蘭也瞄準了港口與出口設施。最近的襲擊擊中了克拉斯諾達爾地區的一個海運終端以及伏爾加格勒的一家石油廠。烏克蘭安全局 (SBU) 強調，這些攻擊旨在減少俄羅斯可用於軍隊的資金。然而，部分設施恢復速度較快，例如 Ust-Luga 終端。此外，FP-5 Flamingo 飛彈的使用讓烏克蘭能夠擊中距離前線 900 公里以上的目標。

These attacks have put significant pressure on the Russian government. The Russian Energy Ministry admitted that these strikes have made fuel supplies difficult, and President Vladimir Putin stated that Russia needs better air defenses. Consequently, fuel shortages have appeared in 14 regions, including Moscow, forcing the government to ban the export of gasoline and aviation fuel to ensure there is enough for domestic use.

這些攻擊給俄羅斯政府帶來了顯著壓力。俄羅斯能源部承認，這些襲擊導致燃料供應困難，普丁總統也表示俄羅斯需要更強的防空系統。因此，包括莫斯科在內的 14 個地區出現燃料短缺，迫使政府禁止出口汽油與航空燃料，以確保國內供應充足。

The conflict has entered a new stage of long-range warfare. By damaging specialized energy sites, Ukraine is successfully weakening Russia's internal fuel stability and its ability to export oil.

衝突已進入遠程戰爭的新階段。透過破壞專門的能源設施，烏克蘭成功削弱了俄羅斯內部的燃料穩定性及其出口石油的能力。

Ukraine has intensified its aerial campaign against Russian energy and military installations, resulting in documented production deficits and logistical disruptions within the Russian Federation.

烏克蘭強化了對俄羅斯能源與軍事設施的空中攻勢，導致俄羅斯聯邦內部出現有記錄的生產不足與物流中斷。

The strategic orientation of Ukrainian operations has shifted toward the targeting of specialized secondary processing units, specifically hydrocrackers. According to analysis from Kpler and the Center on Global Energy Policy, the destruction of these high-complexity components creates critical bottlenecks, as the requisite specialized machinery entails protracted lead times for replacement, a condition exacerbated by extant Western sanctions. Data indicates that offline capacity for secondary units increased by approximately 1.2 to 1.3 million barrels per day in May relative to the previous year. This tactical evolution is complemented by a pattern of repetitive strikes on single facilities, such as the Tuapse complex, to impede repair efforts.

烏克蘭行動的戰略方向已轉向針對專門的二次加工單元，特別是加壓脫煙機（hydrocrackers）。根據 Kpler 與全球能源政策中心的分析，這些高複雜度組件的毀損會造成嚴重瓶頸，因為所需的專門機械更換週期較長，而西方制裁 further 加劇了此情況。數據顯示，與去年相比，5 月份二次單元的停機產能增加了約每日 120 萬至 130 萬桶。這種戰術演進輔以對單一設施（例如 Tuapse 綜合設施）的重複打擊，旨在阻礙維修工作。

Concurrent with refinery degradation, Ukraine has targeted maritime export infrastructure. Recent operations included strikes on a sea terminal in the Krasnodar region's Temryuk district and an oil preparation facility in Volgograd. While the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) asserts these actions are intended to diminish the financial resources available for Russian military expenditures, the resilience of port facilities varies; for instance, the Ust-Luga terminal demonstrated a rapid recovery in crude loadings. Furthermore, the deployment of FP-5 Flamingo missiles has extended the operational reach of these strikes to facilities over 900 kilometers from the front line, such as in the Chuvashiya region.

在煉油廠損毀的同時，烏克蘭也針對海運出口基礎設施。近期行動包括打擊克拉斯諾達爾地區 Temryuk 區的海運碼頭以及伏爾加格勒的石油準備設施。雖然烏克蘭安全局 (SBU) 主張這些行動旨在減少俄羅斯可用於軍費的財政資源，但港口設施的韌性不一；例如 Ust-Luga 碼頭在原油裝載方面恢復迅速。此外，FP-5 Flamingo 飛彈的部署將打擊範圍擴展至距離前線 900 公里以上的設施，例如在楚瓦什共和國地區。

Institutional responses within Russia indicate a state of systemic stress. The Russian Energy Ministry acknowledged that enemy aerial incursions have complicated fuel supplies, while President Vladimir Putin has identified a requirement for augmented air defense capabilities. These disruptions have manifested as fuel shortages in 14 regions, including Moscow, and have necessitated government-imposed export bans on gasoline and aviation fuel to stabilize domestic availability.

俄羅斯內部的制度反應顯示出系統性壓力。俄羅斯能源部承認敵方的空中入侵使燃料供應複雜化，而普丁總統也指出需要強化防空能力。這些中斷已表現為包括莫斯科在內 14 個地區的燃料短缺，並迫使政府對汽油與航空燃料實施出口禁令以穩定國內供應。

The conflict has transitioned into a phase of sustained long-range attrition, where the degradation of specialized energy infrastructure is compromising Russia's internal fuel stability and export capacity.

衝突已進入持續遠程消耗階段，專門能源基礎設施的損毀正影響著俄羅斯的內部燃料穩定與出口能力。