India has a problem with bad land. The government wants to make the land healthy again.

印度面臨劣質土地的問題，政府希望讓土地恢復健康。

Many parts of India have bad land. This happens because people cut trees and farm too much. It also happens because the weather is too hot. This is a problem for food.

印度許多地方的土地品質不佳。這是因為人們砍伐樹木且過度耕種，也是因為天氣太熱。這對食物供應造成了問題。

The government has a big plan. They want to fix 26 million hectares of land by 2030. They want to plant more trees. But some parts of the plan are slow because they do not have enough money.

政府有一個大計劃。他們希望在 2030 年前修復 2,600 萬公頃的土地，並希望種更多樹。但計劃中的部分進度緩慢，因為資金不足。

In Punjab, the government took back 50 acres of land. People used this land illegally for 50 years. Now the government will use this land to protect nature and animals.

在旁遮普邦，政府收回了 50 英畝的土地。人們非法使用這塊土地長達 50 年。現在政府將使用這塊土地來保護自然與動物。

India has big goals for its land. But it is still hard to stop illegal land use.

印度對其土地有宏大的目標，但要停止非法占用土地依然很困難。

India is currently dealing with widespread land degradation and desertification. To solve this, the government is using a combination of national policies and local legal actions to recover important ecological areas.

印度目前正處理大範圍的土地退化與沙漠化問題。為了解決這一問題，政府正結合國家政策與地方法律行動，以恢復重要的生態區域。

The amount of land damage in India is significant. According to data from ISRO, about 30% of the country's land—roughly 97.85 million hectares—is degrading, and 25% of that is classified as desertification. Experts emphasize that this is caused by human activities, such as unsustainable farming, deforestation, and unplanned urban growth, as well as unstable weather patterns like irregular monsoons. Consequently, this loss of land quality threatens food security and forces more people to move from rural areas to cities. While most states reported an increase in degradation between 2011 and 2019, Rajasthan remains the most affected region.

印度的土地損害程度相當嚴重。根據 ISRO 的數據，全國約 30% 的土地——約 9785 萬公頃——正在退化，其中 25% 被歸類為沙漠化。專家強調，這是由人類活動引起的，例如不可持續的耕作、砍伐森林以及缺乏規劃的城市增長，以及不穩定的天氣模式（如不規律的季風）。因此，土地質量的下降威脅到糧食安全，並迫使更多人從農村遷往城市。雖然大多數邦在 2011 年至 2019 年間報告退化情況增加，但 Rajasthan 仍是受影響最嚴重的地區。

To address these issues, the government introduced the 2023 National Action Plan to Combat Desertification, which aims to restore 26 million hectares by 2030. Furthermore, the 2025 Green India Mission targets another 10 million hectares for planting forests. Although 18.94 million hectares have already been restored, some problems remain. For instance, coordination between different government departments is often poor, and there is a lack of funding and accurate data. To improve this, the government suggests using precision farming and real-time satellite monitoring to manage resources more effectively.

為了應對這些問題，政府推出了 2023 年《對抗沙漠化國家行動計劃》，目標是在 2030 年前恢復 2600 萬公頃土地。此外，2025 年的「綠色印度使命」目標是再種林 1000 萬公頃。儘管已有 1894 萬公頃得到恢復，但仍存在一些問題。例如，不同政府部門之間的協調往往不佳，且缺乏資金與準確數據。為改善此情況，政府建議使用精準農業與即時衛星監控，以更有效地管理資源。

At the same time, state governments are taking action to protect wildlife habitats. In Gurdaspur, Punjab, the forest department recently recovered about 50 acres of government land that had been used illegally for farming for fifty years. This operation was successful because of better mapping and cooperation between the police and local administration. By reclaiming this land, the government hopes to protect the Beas Conservation Reserve and set an example for other areas along the Beas and Sutlej rivers.

與此同時，各邦政府正採取行動保護野生動物棲息地。在旁遮普邦的 Gurdaspur，森林部門最近收回了約 50 英畝被非法用於耕作長達五十年的政府土地。此次行動之所以成功，是因為地圖繪製更精確，且警方與地方行政部門之間有更好的合作。透過收回這些土地，政府希望保護 Beas 保育區，並為 Beas 河與 Sutlej 河沿岸的其他地區樹立榜樣。

India continues to balance its ambitious goals for land restoration with the practical difficulties of government implementation and illegal land use.

印度持續在其雄心勃勃的土地恢復目標，與政府執行的實際困難及非法土地使用之間尋求平衡。

India is currently addressing systemic land degradation and desertification through a combination of national policy frameworks and localized enforcement actions to reclaim ecologically significant territories.

印度目前正透過國家政策框架與局部執行行動，解決系統性的土地退化與沙漠化問題，以回收具有生態重要性的領土。

The scale of terrestrial deterioration in India is substantial, with data from the Space Applications Centre of ISRO indicating that approximately 30% of the nation's geographical area—roughly 97.85 million hectares—is undergoing degradation, 25% of which is characterized as desertification. This phenomenon is attributed to a confluence of anthropogenic drivers, including unsustainable agricultural practices, deforestation, and unregulated urbanization, compounded by climatic volatility such as erratic monsoons and extreme thermal events. The resulting erosion of agro-ecological resilience poses a critical risk to food security and precipitates rural-to-urban migration. While 28 of 31 assessed states and Union Territories reported an increase in degradation between 2011 and 2019, Rajasthan remains the most affected, accounting for over 60% of desertified land.

印度陸地退化的規模相當龐大。根據印度太空研究組織（ISRO）太空應用中心的數據，全國約 30% 的地理面積（約 9785 萬公頃）正處於退化狀態，其中 25% 被定義為沙漠化。此現象歸因於多種人為驅動因素，包括不可持續的農業做法、森林砍伐以及無管制的都市化，並受季風不穩定和極端高溫等氣候波動的加劇。由此導致的農業生態韌性侵蝕，對糧食安全構成關鍵風險，並促使農村人口向城市遷移。在 31 個受評估的邦與聯邦領地中，有 28 個在 2011 年至 2019 年間報告退化程度增加，而拉賈斯坦邦受影響最嚴重，佔沙漠化土地的 60% 以上。

Institutional responses are centered on the 2023 National Action Plan to Combat Desertification, which stipulates the restoration of 26 million hectares by 2030. Complementary strategies include the 2025 Green India Mission, targeting 10 million hectares for afforestation. Despite the restoration of 18.94 million hectares to date, systemic inefficiencies persist; implementation is characterized by fragmented ministerial coordination, insufficient funding, and uneven data tracking at the state level. Proposed remediations include the integration of land-neutral norms into infrastructure projects, the adoption of precision agronomy, and the utilization of GIS-based real-time monitoring to optimize resource allocation.

體制上的回應集中於 2023 年的《對抗沙漠化國家行動計畫》，規定在 2030 年前修復 2600 萬公頃土地。配套策略包括 2025 年的《綠色印度任務》，目標為 1000 萬公頃土地進行造林。儘管目前已修復 1894 萬公頃，但系統性低效依然存在；執行過程呈現出部會協調碎片化、資金不足以及各邦數據追蹤不均等特徵。建議的補救措施包括將土地中立準則整合至基礎設施項目、採用精準農藝，以及利用基於 GIS 的即時監測以優化資源配置。

Parallel to these national strategies, state-level administrative actions are being deployed to secure critical habitats. In Gurdaspur, Punjab, the forest department recently reclaimed approximately 50 acres of government land that had been under illegal agricultural occupation for five decades. This operation, facilitated by geo-referenced mapping and inter-agency coordination between the district administration and police, aims to bolster the Beas Conservation Reserve. The reclamation of this land is intended to mitigate the impact of rising land valuations on forest boundaries and provide a precedent for further anti-encroachment drives along the Beas and Sutlej rivers.

與這些國家策略平行，邦級行政行動正被部署以確保關鍵棲息地。在旁遮普邦的古達斯普爾（Gurdaspur），林務部門最近收回了約 50 英畝被非法用於農業耕種長達五十年的政府土地。此項行動透過地理參考地圖以及區政府與警方的跨部門協調而達成，旨在強化比亞斯保護區（Beas Conservation Reserve）。收回此土地旨在減輕地價上漲對森林邊界的影響，並為比亞斯河與蘇特萊約河沿岸進一步的打擊侵佔行動提供先例。

India continues to navigate the tension between ambitious land restoration targets and the practical challenges of implementation and illegal land appropriation.

印度持續在雄心勃勃的土地修復目標，與執行過程中的實際挑戰及非法土地侵佔之間尋求平衡。