More people in the USA and Turkey are getting sick from ticks. Doctors want to stop these diseases with new rules and medicine.

美國與土耳其有更多人因為蜱蟲而染病。醫生希望透過新規定和藥物來阻止這些疾病。

Ticks are moving to new places because the weather is warmer. In the USA, ticks cause Lyme disease and meat allergies. In Turkey, ticks cause a dangerous fever.

因為天氣變暖，蜱蟲正移居到新地點。在美國，蜱蟲會導致萊姆病和肉類過敏。在土耳其，蜱蟲會引起一種危險的高燒。

Scientists are making new vaccines. One vaccine from Pfizer works well. Other doctors are making new tests to find the sickness faster.

科學家正在研發新疫苗。輝瑞（Pfizer）的一款疫苗效果良好。其他醫生則在開發新的檢測方法，以便更快地發現疾病。

Some people do not trust vaccines. Also, the government may not give money for research. For now, people should use bug spray and wear special clothes. Use tweezers to pull ticks out of the skin.

有些人不信任疫苗。此外，政府可能不會提供研究資金。目前，人們應該使用驅蟲噴霧並穿著特製衣物。使用鑷子將蜱蟲從皮膚中拔出。

Ticks are a big problem now. But new vaccines and safe habits can keep people healthy.

蜱蟲現在是一個大問題。但新疫苗和安全習慣可以讓人保持健康。

Public health officials in the United States and Türkiye are reporting a rise in tick-borne diseases. As a result, there is a growing focus on improving prevention methods and developing new medicines.

美國與土耳其的公共衛生官員報告指出，蜱蟲傳染病正在增加。因此，目前各界更加關注如何改善預防方法並開發新藥。

In the United States, certain types of ticks, such as black-legged and lone star ticks, are spreading to new areas. Experts believe this is caused by warmer climates and human activities, including land development and the growth of deer populations. Consequently, there are more cases of Lyme disease and alpha-gal syndrome, which causes an allergy to red meat. Meanwhile, in Türkiye, health officials have warned about Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, which can be spread by ticks or through contact with infected fluids.

在美國，某些類型的蜱蟲，例如黑腿蜱和孤星蜱，正擴散到新地區。專家認為這是由氣候變暖和人類活動引起的，包括土地開發和鹿群數量增加。因此，萊姆病和導致紅肉過敏的 alpha-gal 綜合症病例有所增加。同時，土耳其的衛生官員警告了克里米亞-剛果出血熱，該病可透過蜱蟲或接觸受感染的體液傳播。

To fight these diseases, scientists are focusing on new vaccines. For example, Pfizer reported that its Lyme vaccine had a success rate of over 70% in Phase 3 trials, and another company, MassBiologics, is creating a special antibody treatment. Furthermore, doctors are now able to diagnose alpha-gal syndrome much faster, reducing the wait time from seven years to about 18 months. The long-term goal is to create a universal vaccine that stops all types of tick-borne pathogens.

為了對抗這些疾病，科學家正專注於研發新疫苗。例如，輝達（Pfizer）報告其萊姆病疫苗在第三期臨床試驗中的成功率超過 70%，而另一家公司 MassBiologics 則在研發一種特殊的抗體治療。此外，醫生現在能更快地診斷出 alpha-gal 綜合症，將等待時間從七年縮短至約 18 個月。長期目標是創造一種通用疫苗，以阻止所有類型的蜱蟲傳播病原體。

However, some experts, such as Rick Ostfeld, warn that political problems and a lack of public trust in vaccines could slow down these medical advances. There are also concerns that a decrease in government funding for research might hinder scientific progress. Because of this, health authorities emphasize the importance of personal protection. They recommend using approved insect repellents, wearing treated clothing, and using tweezers to remove ticks carefully to prevent infection.

然而，一些專家（如 Rick Ostfeld）警告，政治問題和公眾對疫苗缺乏信任可能會減緩這些醫療進展。同時也有人擔心，政府研究經費的減少可能會阻礙科學進步。因此，衛生當局強調個人防護的重要性。他們建議使用經認可的驅蟲劑、穿著經過處理的衣物，並使用鑷子小心移除蜱蟲以防止感染。

Although the risk from ticks is increasing, the combination of new vaccines, faster diagnosis, and careful personal habits provides a strong way to reduce these health risks.

雖然蜱蟲帶來的風險在增加，但結合新疫苗、更快速的診斷以及謹慎的個人習慣，為降低這些健康風險提供了強而有力的手段。

Public health authorities in the United States and Türkiye are reporting an increase in tick-borne disease incidence, prompting a shift toward enhanced preventative protocols and pharmaceutical development.

美國與土耳其的公共衛生部門報告指出，蜱傳疾病的發病率有所上升，促使當局轉向加強預防方案與藥物研發。

The epidemiological landscape is characterized by the geographic expansion of Ixodes scapularis (black-legged ticks) and Amblyomma americanum (lone star ticks) within the United States. This migration is attributed to climatic warming and potential anthropogenic factors, including land development and deer population growth. Consequently, there is a rising prevalence of Lyme disease and alpha-gal syndrome, the latter of which induces mammalian meat allergies. In Türkiye, health officials have highlighted the risk of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), noting its capacity for transmission via tick vectors or contact with infected biological fluids.

流行病學特徵在於美國境內黑腿蜱 (Ixodes scapularis) 與孤星蜱 (Amblyomma americanum) 的地理擴張。這種遷徙歸因於氣候暖化及潛在的人為因素，包括土地開發與鹿群數量增長。因此，萊姆病與 alpha-gal 綜合症的盛行率有所上升，後者會導致哺乳類肉類過敏。在土耳其，衛生官員強調了克里米亞-剛果出血熱 (CCHF) 的風險，指出其可透過蜱類媒介傳播或接觸受感染的生物體液而傳染。

Biologically, ticks possess evolutionary adaptations that facilitate host evasion, including the secretion of analgesics and immunosuppressive proteins. To counter these mechanisms, pharmaceutical research has pivoted toward vaccine development. Pfizer has reported a success rate exceeding 70% in Phase 3 trials for a Lyme vaccine, while MassBiologics is developing a monoclonal antibody cocktail. Long-term objectives include the synthesis of a universal vaccine targeting tick salivary proteins to inhibit all pathogen transmission. Furthermore, diagnostic precision is improving, as evidenced by the reduction in alpha-gal diagnosis timelines from seven years to approximately 18 months.

在生物學上，蜱類具有有利於逃避宿主的進化適應能力，包括分泌止痛劑與免疫抑制蛋白。為了對抗這些機制，藥物研究已轉向疫苗開發。Pfizer 報告指出，萊姆疫苗在第三期臨床試驗中的成功率超過 70%，而 MassBiologics 則正在開發單克隆抗體雞尾酒療法。長期目標包括合成一種針對蜱類唾液蛋白的通用疫苗，以抑制所有病原體傳播。此外，診斷精準度正在提高，例如 alpha-gal 的診斷時間從七年縮短至約 18 個月。

Despite these advancements, institutional obstacles persist. Rick Ostfeld of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies has expressed concern that political interference and a decline in public confidence regarding vaccinations may impede the deployment of these medical interventions. Additionally, the potential for reduced federal funding for basic tick biology is cited as a risk to scientific progress. In the interim, health authorities emphasize behavioral mitigation: the use of EPA-approved repellents, permethrin-treated clothing, and the precise mechanical removal of ticks using fine-tipped tweezers to avoid the systemic release of pathogens.

儘管有這些進展，制度性障礙依然存在。卡里生態研究中心 (Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies) 的 Rick Ostfeld 表示擔心，政治干預以及公眾對疫苗信心下降可能會阻礙這些醫療干預措施的部署。此外，聯邦政府對基礎蜱類生物學資助減少的可能性，被視為科學進步的風險。在此期間，衛生部門強調行為緩解：使用 EPA 認可的驅蟲劑、經過 permethrin 處理的衣物，以及使用尖頭鑷子精確地移除蜱類，以避免病原體進入全身系統。

While the geographic range and health risks associated with ticks are expanding, the integration of new vaccines, improved diagnostics, and rigorous personal precautions provides a viable framework for risk reduction.

雖然與蜱類相關的地理分佈與健康風險正在擴大，但結合新疫苗、改良診斷與嚴格的個人防護措施，可提供一個有效的風險降低框架。