The Brazilian government says all business cows must leave Bananal Island. This is to protect the land and the Indigenous people.

巴西政府表示，所有商業養殖的牛隻必須離開巴納納爾島，這是為了保護土地與原住民。

There were 100,000 cows on the island. Some leaders made a lot of money from these cows. But many other people were still poor and hungry.

島上曾有 10 萬隻牛。某些領袖從這些牛隻中賺了很多錢，但許多其他人依然貧困且飢餓。

Too many cows hurt the land. They cut down trees and caused fires. This killed many plants and animals.

過多的牛隻會損害土地。牠們砍伐樹木並引起火災，導致許多植物和動物死亡。

Now, the Javae people want a new plan. They want to protect the nature and still make money. They are learning from other groups to do this.

現在，Javae 族人想要一個新計劃。他們希望在保護自然環境的同時仍能賺錢，並正在向其他團體學習如何達成目標。

The cows are gone. Now the people have a better plan to protect the island.

牛隻已離開。現在人們有了更好的計劃來保護這個島嶼。

Brazilian federal authorities have ordered the removal of commercial cattle from Bananal Island to protect the environment and uphold the land rights of Indigenous people.

巴西聯邦當局已下令將巴拿拿爾島的商業牛群移走，以保護環境並維護原住民的土地權利。

This government action follows the discovery of more than 100,000 cattle owned by non-Indigenous ranchers in a protected area. Although Brazilian law only allows small-scale farming for survival on Indigenous lands, an informal rental system had existed for decades. This system generated significant money for some community leaders—up to 1.5 million reais per month—which was used to pay for local services. However, the environmental agency IBAMA emphasized that this money was not shared fairly, noting that while some chiefs became wealthy, many other people in the community still suffered from malnutrition.

此次政府行動是因為在一個保護區發現了超過 10 萬隻由非原住民牧場主擁有的牛。雖然巴西法律僅允許原住民在土地上進行小規模的生存農業，但一個非正式的租賃系統已存在數十年。這個系統為部分社區領袖帶來了巨額資金——每月高達 150 萬雷亞爾——用於支付本地服務。然而，環境保護機構 IBAMA 強調，這些資金並未得到公平分配，並指出雖然部分酋長變得富有，但社區中許多其他人仍然營養不良。

Environmental damage is the main reason for this federal intervention. According to MapBiomas data, the state of Tocantins saw high deforestation rates in 2025, and cattle ranching was the primary cause. Replacing forests with livestock has harmed local wildlife and led to soil problems and wildfires. Furthermore, commercial ranching encouraged non-Indigenous settlers to move into the area, often by marrying into the Javae community, which made it harder to define the legal boundaries of the protected land.

環境破壞是此次聯邦介入的主因。根據 MapBiomas 的數據，托坎廷斯州在 2025 年出現了高森林砍伐率，而養牛是主因。以牲畜取代森林損害了本地野生動物，並導致土壤問題和山火。此外，商業牧業鼓勵了非原住民定居者遷入該地區，通常透過與 Javae 社區通婚，這使得保護地的法律邊界更難以界定。

To replace the lost rental income, Javae leaders are now working with The Nature Conservancy to create a sustainable plan for managing their land. They are studying the Macuxi people in Roraima, who use a system of collective ownership to protect their territory. This change reflects a wider national debate about the need for specific laws that allow Indigenous groups to make a living without damaging nature or losing their independence.

為了取代失去的租金收入，Javae 領袖目前正與自然保護協會（The Nature Conservancy）合作，為管理其土地制定一份永續計劃。他們正在研究羅賴馬州的 Macuxi 族人，後者採用集體所有制來保護其領土。這一轉變反映了更廣泛的全國性辯論，即需要特定法律允許原住民在不破壞自然或不失去獨立性的情況下維持生計。

The removal of commercial cattle has moved the region away from an illegal economic system toward a structured model focused on conservation.

移除商業牛群使該地區從非法的經濟系統轉向一個專注於保育的結構化模式。

Brazilian federal authorities have mandated the removal of commercial cattle from Bananal Island to enforce environmental protections and Indigenous land rights.

巴西聯邦當局已強制將商業牛隻移出巴拿納爾島，以執行環境保護與原住民土地權利。

The current administrative action follows the identification of over 100,000 head of cattle operated by non-Indigenous ranchers within a protected zone. While Brazilian statutes restrict livestock activity on Indigenous territories to subsistence levels, an informal leasing system had persisted for decades. This arrangement provided significant revenue for certain community leaders—potentially reaching 1.5 million reais monthly—which funded local infrastructure and services. However, the Brazilian environmental agency, IBAMA, asserts that this capital distribution was inequitable, noting a correlation between the concentration of wealth among chiefs and the persistence of malnutrition among the general population.

目前的行政行動是基於發現保護區內有非原住民牧場主經營超過 10 萬頭牛。雖然巴西法律限制原住民領土內的牲畜活動僅限於生存水平，但一套非正式的租賃系統已持續數十年。這種安排為部分社區領袖提供了顯著收入——每月可能達到 150 萬雷亞爾——用於資助當地基礎設施與服務。然而，巴西環境署 IBAMA 主張這種資本分配並不公平，並指出酋長的財富集中與一般人口持續營養不良之間存在相關性。

Environmental degradation constitutes a primary driver for the federal intervention. Data from MapBiomas indicates that Tocantins state experienced high deforestation rates in 2025, with cattle ranching identified as the principal catalyst. The transition from carbon-sequestering forests to methane-emitting livestock has compromised local biodiversity and contributed to soil acidification and wildfires. Furthermore, the presence of commercial ranching facilitated the encroachment of non-Indigenous settlers, often through marital alliances with the Javae people, thereby complicating the demarcation of protected boundaries.

環境退化是聯邦干預的主要驅動因素。MapBiomas 的數據顯示，多廷斯州在 2025 年經歷了高森林砍伐率，而牛隻養殖被認定為主要催化劑。從吸收碳的森林轉向排放甲烷的牲畜，損害了當地生物多樣性，並導致土壤酸化與山火。此外，商業養殖的存在促進了非原住民定居者的侵入，通常透過與 Javae 族人建立婚姻關係來達成，進而使保護邊界的劃定變得複雜。

In response to the loss of leasing revenue, Javae leadership is currently collaborating with The Nature Conservancy to establish a sustainable land management framework. This effort involves a comparative analysis of the Macuxi people in Roraima, who utilize collective livestock ownership to secure territorial rights. This shift reflects a broader national discourse regarding the necessity of bespoke legal frameworks that permit economic viability without compromising ecological integrity or Indigenous sovereignty, as evidenced by recent judicial rulings regarding mining rights for the Cinta Larga people.

為了應對租賃收入的損失，Javae 領導層目前正與自然保護協會（The Nature Conservancy）合作，建立一個可持續的土地管理框架。這項工作涉及對羅賴馬州的 Macuxi 族人進行比較分析，後者利用集體牲畜所有權來保障領土權利。這種轉變反映了更廣泛的國家論述，即有必要建立量身定制的法律框架，在不損害生態完整性或原住民主權的情況下確保經濟可行性，近期關於 Cinta Larga 族人礦權的司法裁決便證明了這一點。

The removal of commercial herds has transitioned the region from an informal economic dependency toward a structured, conservation-oriented management model.

移除商業牛群已使該地區從非正式的經濟依賴，轉型為結構化且以保育為導向的管理模式。